Watkins J, Peabody P
Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1996 Mar;36(1):43-8.
This study presents the results of a three-year (1989-1991) retrospective survey of sports injuries to children and adolescents (5-17 years of age) treated at a sports injuries clinic (Crystal Palace, London). Of the total of 394 injuries, 178 (45.2%) were to females and 216 (54.8%) were to males. In both females and males the frequency of injuries showed a unimodal relationship with increasing age; the peak frequency in females occurred at age 13-14 years and in males at age 15-16 years. Fifty per cent of the injuries (197) were acute, 49.5% (195) were chronic and 0.5% (2) were inconclusive in diagnosis. Most of the acute injuries were muscle/tendon/ligament sprains, strains or contusions (62%) whereas most of the chronic injuries affected articular cartilage, epiphyseal and apophyseal growth plates (53%). Injuries to knees and ankles accounted for 51% of all injuries. The sports responsible for most injuries were characterised by i) explosive and/or high speed movements and/or ii) physical contact with apparatus, equipment or other players.
本研究呈现了一项为期三年（1989 - 1991年）的回顾性调查结果，该调查针对在一家运动损伤诊所（伦敦水晶宫）接受治疗的5至17岁儿童及青少年的运动损伤情况。在总共394例损伤中，女性有178例（45.2%），男性有216例（54.8%）。在女性和男性中，损伤频率均与年龄增长呈现单峰关系；女性损伤频率的峰值出现在13 - 14岁，男性出现在15 - 16岁。50%的损伤（197例）为急性损伤，49.5%（195例）为慢性损伤，0.5%（2例）诊断不明确。大多数急性损伤是肌肉/肌腱/韧带扭伤、拉伤或挫伤（62%），而大多数慢性损伤影响关节软骨、骨骺和骺板（53%）。膝盖和脚踝的损伤占所有损伤的51%。导致大多数损伤的运动具有以下特点：i）爆发性和/或高速运动，和/或ii）与器械、设备或其他运动员的身体接触。
