Williams J M, Wright P, Currie C E, Beattie T F
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 1998 Dec;32(4):291-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.32.4.291.
To measure the age and sex distribution of self reported sports and leisure injuries in a 12 month retrospective recall period among a representative national sample of Scottish adolescents, and to examine the characteristics (gender, age, handedness, and level of sports participation) of sports related injuries in relation to injuries sustained during other activities.
DESIGN/SETTING: Self completion questionnaire survey administered in schools during April-June 1994.
4710 pupils aged 11, 13, and 15 years drawn from a representative sample of 270 classes with returns from 224 classes (83% completion rate).
42.1% of the sample reported a medically attended injury. These were significantly more frequent among boys but there were no significant age differences in overall frequency of injury. Sport related injuries accounted for 32.2% of all medically attended injuries. As with all injuries, frequency was greater in boys than girls at all ages, and there are differences in the pattern of lesions in sports and nonsports injuries. Lower limb injuries were more frequent than upper limb injury in sports (57.6 v 23.9%), whereas there were no differences in non-sports injuries (31.5 v 31.3%). Age and handedness differences in sports injury rates were also identified. High sports participation was significantly associated with a higher risk of injury in general and sports related injury in particular.
Age, gender, handedness, and level of sports participation have been shown to be implicated in differential risk of sports related injury. Reducing sports injury among adolescents should be a priority, but research into the injury profiles of different sports is needed before detailed injury prevention strategies can be developed.
在一个具有代表性的苏格兰青少年全国样本中，测量在12个月回顾期内自我报告的运动和休闲损伤的年龄及性别分布，并研究与运动相关损伤有关的特征（性别、年龄、利手和运动参与水平）与其他活动中所受损伤的关系。
设计/背景：1994年4月至6月在学校进行的自我完成问卷调查。
从270个班级的代表性样本中抽取的4710名11岁、13岁和15岁的学生，224个班级有回复（完成率83%）。
42.1%的样本报告有需就医的损伤。这些损伤在男孩中明显更频繁，但在损伤的总体频率上没有显著的年龄差异。与运动相关的损伤占所有需就医损伤的32.2%。与所有损伤一样，各年龄段男孩的损伤频率都高于女孩，并且运动损伤和非运动损伤的损伤模式存在差异。在运动中，下肢损伤比上肢损伤更频繁（57.6%对23.9%），而在非运动损伤中则没有差异（31.5%对31.3%）。还确定了运动损伤率在年龄和利手方面的差异。高运动参与度与一般损伤风险较高，尤其是与运动相关损伤风险较高显著相关。
年龄、性别、利手和运动参与水平已被证明与运动相关损伤的不同风险有关。减少青少年的运动损伤应是一个优先事项，但在制定详细的损伤预防策略之前，需要对不同运动的损伤情况进行研究。
