1985年至1994年中国的艾滋病毒感染与艾滋病情况
HIV infection and AIDS in China, 1985 through 1994.
作者信息
Yu E S, Xie Q, Zhang K, Lu P, Chan L L
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA 92182-0405, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1996 Aug;86(8):1116-22. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.8_pt_1.1116.
OBJECTIVES
This paper analyzes data on the distribution of and risk factors for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in China.
METHODS
Ten years of data on persons tested for HIV infection and AIDS and the proportion who tested positive were analyzed against the background of China's population count. The Chinese- and English-language literature on HIV and AIDS from 1985 through 1995 was also reviewed.
RESULTS
Overall, more males than females had HIV infection. Intravenous drug use was the primary source of transmission, followed by heterosexual contacts. Only a small number of the persons tested were homosexual, but their proportion of HIV seropositivity ranked third to that of drug users; that of general hospital patients ranked fourth.
CONCLUSIONS
HIV infection and AIDS in China began as a highly regionalized and largely rural problem in Yunnan Province. However, HIV infection and AIDS have become an emerging urban problem. HIV seropositivity is low among several groups thought to have an elevated risk.
目的
本文分析了中国获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的分布数据及危险因素。
方法
在全国人口背景下，分析了十年间接受HIV感染和艾滋病检测的人群数据以及检测呈阳性的比例。还回顾了1985年至1995年期间关于HIV和艾滋病的中英文文献。
结果
总体而言，感染HIV的男性多于女性。静脉注射吸毒是主要传播途径，其次是异性接触。接受检测的人中只有少数是同性恋者，但他们的HIV血清阳性率在各类人群中排第三，仅次于吸毒者；综合医院患者的HIV血清阳性率排第四。
结论
中国的HIV感染和艾滋病最初是云南省一个高度区域性且主要为农村地区的问题。然而，HIV感染和艾滋病已成为一个新出现的城市问题。在一些被认为风险较高的人群中，HIV血清阳性率较低。
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