美国的州烟草游说者和组织：越界了。
State tobacco lobbyists and organizations in the United States: crossed lines.
作者信息
Goldstein A O, Bearman N S
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7595, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1996 Aug;86(8):1137-42. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.8_pt_1.1137.
OBJECTIVES
This research took a quantitative look at state-level tobacco lobbying in the United States.
METHODS
Publicly available lobbying data were collected from all states during 1994. Data were compiled on tobacco industry lobbyists, their tobacco employers, health lobbyists, and factors associated with such lobbying.
RESULTS
In 1994, 450 tobacco industry lobbyists lobbied at a state level. Most lobbying was on behalf of four organizations: Philip Morris (34%), the Tobacco Institute (21%), RJ Reynolds (17%), and the Smokeless Tobacco Council (15%). Approximately one half of all tobacco lobbyists also lobbied for a health-related organization (e.g., state medical association, hospital, physician association).
CONCLUSIONS
All US states have tobacco lobbyists. Many health organizations knowingly or unknowingly employ lobbyists who also lobby for the tobacco industry.
目的
本研究对美国州一级的烟草游说活动进行了定量分析。
方法
收集了1994年所有州公开的游说数据。整理了烟草行业游说者、他们的烟草雇主、健康领域游说者以及与此类游说相关的因素的数据。
结果
1994年，有450名烟草行业游说者在州一级进行游说活动。大多数游说活动是代表四个组织进行的：菲利普·莫里斯公司（34%）、烟草协会（21%）、雷诺兹烟草公司（17%）和无烟烟草理事会（15%）。所有烟草游说者中约有一半还为与健康相关的组织（如州医学协会、医院、医师协会）进行游说。
结论
美国所有州都有烟草游说者。许多健康组织有意或无意地雇佣了也为烟草行业游说的游说者。
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