Dianovský J, Siviková K
Department of Veterinary Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Biomed Environ Sci. 1995 Dec;8(4):359-66.
The synthetic pyrethroid insecticide supermethrin (RS)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1RS)-cis-3 (2, 2-dichlorvinyl)-2, 2-dimethyl cyklopropane carboxylate, was tested for its clastogenic ability by in vivo and in vitro assays. In vivo assay consisted of chromosome analysis in sheep bone marrow cells after six weeks subchronic oral administration of 200 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg. The results were compared to induction of chromosome aberrations (CA) in mouse bone marrow cells after acute ip administration of supermethrin in the range 1/2 to 1/10 LD50. Small statistically insignificant increases of CA were found up to 1/2 LD50 dose for mice. Cultured sheep peripheral lymphocytes were used for in vitro clastogenicity evaluation. The final concentrations were 6 x 10(-6) mol.L-1, 6 x 10(-5) mol.L-1 and 6 x 10(-4) mol.L-1. No significant differences were detectable in supermethrin's clastogenic potency at concentrations of 6 x 10(-6) mol.L-1 and 6 x 10(-5) mol.L-1 respectively. The highest concentration was positive (P < 0.05), and a decrease of mitotic index (MI) was also observed. Supermethrin was investigated for the induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in sheep peripheral lymphocytes, but inadequate results of genotoxic potency were found. The tested pyrethroid was characterized as rather toxic than clastogenic or genotoxic.
合成拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂高效氯氰菊酯（RS）-α-氰基-3-苯氧基苄基-（1RS）-顺式-3-（2,2-二氯乙烯基）-2,2-二甲基环丙烷羧酸酯，通过体内和体外试验检测其致断裂能力。体内试验包括在绵羊骨髓细胞中进行染色体分析，此前对绵羊进行为期六周的亚慢性口服给药，剂量为200mg/kg或300mg/kg。将结果与急性腹腔注射高效氯氰菊酯（剂量范围为1/2至1/10 LD50）后小鼠骨髓细胞中染色体畸变（CA）的诱导情况进行比较。对于小鼠，在高达1/2 LD50剂量时发现CA有统计学上不显著的小幅增加。培养的绵羊外周淋巴细胞用于体外致断裂性评估。最终浓度分别为6×10⁻⁶mol·L⁻¹、6×10⁻⁵mol·L⁻¹和6×10⁻⁴mol·L⁻¹。在浓度分别为6×10⁻⁶mol·L⁻¹和6×10⁻⁵mol·L⁻¹时，高效氯氰菊酯的致断裂效力未检测到显著差异。最高浓度呈阳性（P<0.05），并且还观察到有丝分裂指数（MI）下降。研究了高效氯氰菊酯对绵羊外周淋巴细胞中姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）的诱导情况，但发现其遗传毒性效力的结果不充分。所测试的拟除虫菊酯的特点是具有相当大的毒性，而非致断裂或遗传毒性。
