Kiyohara H, Takemoto N, Zhao J F, Kawamura H, Yamada H
Oriental Medicine Research Center of the Kitasato Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
Planta Med. 1996 Feb;62(1):14-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-957787.
Digestion with endo-alpha-(1-->4)-polygalacturonase liberated the enzyme-resistant region (PG-1c) as an active site of the anti-complementary and mitogenic pectic polysaccharide (GR-2IIc) from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Partial acid hydrolysis of PG-1c resulted in acidic oligosaccharides, and methylation analysis and GC-MS analysis of the acidic oligosaccharides suggested that PG-1c comprised a rhamnogalacturonan core such as -->2)-Rha-(1-->4)-GalA-(1-->2)-Rha-(1-->4)-GalA-(1-->-->4)-GalA-(1-->4) as the acidic moiety. Degradation of uronic acids by lithium decreased the anti-complementary and mitogenic activities of PG-1c. Although the products from PG-1c were still active, the methylglycoside of alpha-L-Rha-(1-->4)-alpha-D-GalA-(1-->2)-alpha-L-Rha-(1-->4)-alpha-D-Gal A did not show both activities. The products obtained by the lithium degradation from PG-1c gave fractions containing various neutral oligosaccharide-alditols. Among these fractions the longest and the short oligosaccharide-alditol fractions had relatively potent anti-complementary activity, whereas all oligosaccharide-alditol fractions expressed weak but significant mitogenic activity. GC-MS analysis indicated that the short oligosaccharide-alditol fraction contained various kinds of di- to tetrasaccharide-alditols. However, malto-oligosaccharide-alditols, and malto-, isomalto-, and laminari-oligosaccharides did not show anti-complementary and/or mitogenic activities, and these results suggested that certain neutral carbohydrate chains in PG-1c were responsible for the expression of mitogenic activity as well as anti-complementary activity of PG-1c.
用内切α-(1→4)-聚半乳糖醛酸酶消化从甘草中释放出抗补体和促有丝分裂果胶多糖（GR-2IIc）的酶抗性区域（PG-1c）作为其活性位点。PG-1c的部分酸水解产生酸性寡糖，对这些酸性寡糖的甲基化分析和气相色谱-质谱分析表明，PG-1c包含一个鼠李半乳糖醛酸聚糖核心，如→2)-鼠李糖-(1→4)-半乳糖醛酸-(1→2)-鼠李糖-(1→4)-半乳糖醛酸-(1→→4)-半乳糖醛酸-(1→4)作为酸性部分。锂对糖醛酸的降解降低了PG-1c的抗补体和促有丝分裂活性。虽然PG-1c的产物仍具有活性，但α-L-鼠李糖-(1→4)-α-D-半乳糖醛酸-(1→2)-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→4)-α-D-半乳糖醛酸的甲基糖苷并不表现出这两种活性。从PG-1c经锂降解得到的产物产生了含有各种中性寡糖糖醇的馏分。在这些馏分中，最长和最短的寡糖糖醇馏分具有相对较强的抗补体活性，而所有寡糖糖醇馏分均表现出较弱但显著的促有丝分裂活性。气相色谱-质谱分析表明，短寡糖糖醇馏分包含各种二糖至四糖糖醇。然而，麦芽寡糖糖醇以及麦芽寡糖、异麦芽寡糖和海带寡糖均未表现出抗补体和/或促有丝分裂活性，这些结果表明PG-1c中的某些中性碳水化合物链负责PG-1c的促有丝分裂活性以及抗补体活性的表达。
