Waggoner-Fountain L A, Walker M W, Hollis R J, Pfaller M A, Ferguson J E, Wenzel R P, Donowitz L G
Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1996 May;22(5):803-8. doi: 10.1093/clinids/22.5.803.
The number of nosocomial bloodstream infections due to Candida species in critically ill newborns is increasing. This pathogen may be vertically transmitted from the mother or nosocomially acquired in the nursery. The goal of this study was to identify the route of transmission of unique Candida species and strains from mothers to their preterm offspring. Specimens from mothers for fungal cultures were obtained before delivery, and specimens from infants for sequential fungal cultures were obtained at defined intervals. Candida species were identified by standard methods and were typed by electrophoretic karyotyping (EK) and restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic DNA (REAG) with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed on all isolates. Fungal cultures were positive for Candida species in 12 (63%) of 19 mothers' specimens and in seven (33%) of 21 infants' specimens. EK and REAG revealed that both the mother and the infant in three (14%) of 21 mother-infant pairs were colonized with the identical strain of Candida albicans. C. albicans was most commonly transmitted vertically. Candida parapsilosis colonized other infants and could not be accounted for by a maternal reservoir.
重症新生儿中念珠菌属引起的医院血流感染数量正在增加。这种病原体可能由母亲垂直传播，或在新生儿重症监护室医院感染获得。本研究的目的是确定独特的念珠菌属菌种和菌株从母亲传播至其早产后代的途径。在分娩前采集母亲的标本进行真菌培养，并在规定时间间隔采集婴儿的标本进行连续真菌培养。念珠菌属菌种通过标准方法鉴定，并通过电泳核型分析（EK）和脉冲场凝胶电泳对基因组DNA进行限制性内切酶分析（REAG）进行分型。对所有分离株进行抗真菌药敏试验。19份母亲标本中有12份（63%）、21份婴儿标本中有7份（33%）的真菌培养念珠菌属菌种呈阳性。EK和REAG显示，21对母婴中有3对（14%）的母亲和婴儿均被白色念珠菌同一菌株定植。白色念珠菌最常垂直传播。近平滑念珠菌定植于其他婴儿，无法用母亲的感染源来解释。
