Kiziltan G, Akalin M A
Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey.
Mov Disord. 1996 May;11(3):278-82. doi: 10.1002/mds.870110311.
We observed abnormal involuntary movements, involving principally the facial and neck muscles, in 23 patients with stuttering. These movements were similar to involuntary movements seen in distinct dystonic syndromes. There was a history of stuttering in the first degree relatives of six patients. The association of stuttering with degenerative neurologic disorders and focal brain lesions, cerebral blood flow changes in patients with developmental stuttering, its occurrence as a side effect of centrally acting drugs, induction and alleviation of stuttering by mechanical perturbation, or by electrical stimulation of the thalamus, a strong genetic predisposition with male preponderance, and the statistically significant occurrence of stuttering in the family history of patients with idiopathic torsion dystonia suggest an organic basis for developmental stuttering. These findings and the reported similarities between the involuntary movements associated with stuttering and dystonic involuntary movements support the hypothesis that stuttering is a form of segmental or focal action dystonia.
我们观察了23名口吃患者，发现他们存在异常的不自主运动，主要累及面部和颈部肌肉。这些运动类似于在不同肌张力障碍综合征中所见的不自主运动。6名患者的一级亲属有口吃病史。口吃与退行性神经系统疾病和局灶性脑损伤的关联、发育性口吃患者的脑血流变化、作为中枢作用药物副作用的口吃发生、机械扰动或丘脑电刺激对口吃的诱发和缓解、强烈的遗传易感性且男性居多，以及特发性扭转性肌张力障碍患者家族史中口吃的统计学显著发生率，均提示发育性口吃存在器质性基础。这些发现以及所报道的与口吃相关的不自主运动和肌张力障碍性不自主运动之间的相似性，支持了口吃是节段性或局灶性动作性肌张力障碍一种形式的假说。
