An investigation of light transport through scattering bodies with non-scattering regions.

Near-infra-red (NIR) spectroscopy is increasingly being used for monitoring cerebral oxygenation and haemodynamics. One current concern is the effect of the clear cerebrospinal fluid upon the distribution of light in the head. There are difficulties in modelling clear layers in scattering systems. The Monte Carlo model should handle clear regions accurately, but is too slow to be used for realistic geometries. The diffusion equation can be solved quickly for realistic geometries, but is only valid in scattering regions. In this paper we describe experiments carried out on a solid slab phantom to investigate the effect of clear regions. The experimental results were compared with the different models of light propagation. We found that the presence of a clear layer had a significant effect upon the light distribution, which was modelled correctly by Monte Carlo techniques, but not by diffusion theory. A novel approach to calculating the light transport was developed, using diffusion theory to analyze the scattering regions combined with a radiosity approach to analyze the propagation through the clear region. Results from this approach were found to agree with both the Monte Carlo and experimental data.