Becker C G, Dubin T
J Exp Med. 1977 Aug 1;146(2):457-67. doi: 10.1084/jem.146.2.457.
A glycoprotein of mol wt ca. 18,000 daltons isolated from cured tobacco leaves (TGP-L) and from cigarette smoke condensate (TGP-CSC) activated factor XII in normal human plasma in vitro as measured by (a) shortening of the partial thromboplastin time, (b) shortening of the lysis time of euglobulin clots, and (c) generation of kinin activity. These effects were not demonstrable in plasma deficient in factor XII. The capacity of TGP-L and TGP-CSC to activate factor XII was shown to depend on the presence of rutin, a substance chemically similar to quercetin and ellagic acid, which are known activators of factor XII. Rutin and rutin coupled to bovine serum albumin, but not bovine serum albumin alone, were also demonstrated to activate factor XII. The presence in cigarette smoke of material that is both allergenic and capable of activating factor XII of the intrinsic pathway of coagulatin may be important to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease associated with cigarette smoking.
从烤烟叶（TGP-L）和香烟烟雾冷凝物（TGP-CSC）中分离出的一种分子量约为18,000道尔顿的糖蛋白，在体外可激活正常人血浆中的因子XII，这可通过以下方法测定：（a）部分凝血活酶时间缩短；（b）优球蛋白凝块溶解时间缩短；（c）激肽活性产生。在缺乏因子XII的血浆中未观察到这些效应。结果表明，TGP-L和TGP-CSC激活因子XII的能力取决于芦丁的存在，芦丁是一种化学结构与槲皮素和鞣花酸相似的物质，而槲皮素和鞣花酸是已知的因子XII激活剂。还证实，芦丁以及与牛血清白蛋白偶联的芦丁可激活因子XII，而单独的牛血清白蛋白则不能。香烟烟雾中存在的具有致敏性且能够激活凝血内源性途径中因子XII的物质，可能对与吸烟相关的心血管和肺部疾病的发病机制具有重要意义。
