Armstrong L E, Crago A E, Adams R, Roberts W O, Maresh C M
Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 06269-1110, USA.
Am J Emerg Med. 1996 Jul;14(4):355-8. doi: 10.1016/S0735-6757(96)90048-0.
Severe exercise-induced hyperthermia requires rapid cooling. Of the many cooling modalities available, there is disagreement over which is the most effective. The purpose of this field study was to compare two cooling therapies for hyperthermic distance runners who had completed an 11.5-km summer foot race. Twenty-one distance runners (mean [+/- SE] initial rectal temperature 41.2 +/- 0.2 degrees C) were treated either by ice water immersion (1 to 3 degrees C, n = 14) or by air exposure while wrapped in wet towels (24.4 degrees C ambient, n = 7). Ice water immersion versus air exposure resulted in significantly different (P < .005) pretherapy to posttherapy changes in rectal temperature (-3.0 +/- 0.3 v -1.4 +/- 0.3 degrees C) and mean cooling rate (0.20 +/- 0.02 v 0.11 +/- 0.02 degrees C/min). Ice water immersion cooled approximately twice as fast as air exposure. These data refute the theory that ice water immersion is an inefficient cooling modality.
严重的运动诱发高热需要快速降温。在众多可用的降温方式中，对于哪种方式最有效存在分歧。这项现场研究的目的是比较两种针对完成了11.5公里夏季赛跑的高热长跑运动员的降温疗法。21名长跑运动员（平均[±标准误]初始直肠温度41.2±0.2摄氏度）接受了冰水浸泡治疗（1至3摄氏度，n = 14）或裹着湿毛巾暴露在空气中治疗（环境温度24.4摄氏度，n = 7）。冰水浸泡与暴露在空气中相比，治疗前到治疗后直肠温度的变化（-3.0±0.3对-1.4±0.3摄氏度）和平均降温速率（0.20±0.02对0.11±0.02摄氏度/分钟）有显著差异（P <.005）。冰水浸泡的降温速度大约是暴露在空气中的两倍。这些数据反驳了冰水浸泡是一种低效降温方式的理论。
