Schumacher K L
School of Nursing, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA.
Res Nurs Health. 1996 Aug;19(4):261-71. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199608)19:4<261::AID-NUR1>3.0.CO;2-G.
In spite of extensive research on cancer and the family, little is known about the process of taking on the caregiving role when a family member is diagnosed with cancer. Family caregiver role acquisition was investigated in a grounded theory study of 19 family caregivers and 20 persons with cancer, interviewed across the course of chemotherapy. The initial analysis revealed that caregiving could not be understood in isolation from self-care in this sample and a reconceptualization of the target phenomenon was needed. Accordingly, the concept of family-based illness care was developed to encompass both self-care and caregiving. Twelve dimensions of family-based illness care and three prototypical patterns of illness care involvement were identified. Patterns of involvement fluctuated over time, a phenomenon labeled shifting patterns of self-care and caregiving. Shifting patterns of self-care and caregiving was so characteristic of illness care during chemotherapy that it became the core concept of the grounded theory. This conceptualization emphasizes the dyadic nature of family-based illness care during chemotherapy.
尽管对癌症与家庭进行了广泛研究，但对于家庭成员被诊断患有癌症时承担照顾者角色的过程却知之甚少。在一项扎根理论研究中，对19名家庭照顾者和20名癌症患者进行了调查，这些调查对象在化疗过程中接受了访谈，旨在研究家庭照顾者角色的获得情况。初步分析显示，在这个样本中，照顾不能脱离自我照顾来理解，因此需要对目标现象进行重新概念化。相应地，发展出了基于家庭的疾病照顾概念，以涵盖自我照顾和照顾他人这两个方面。确定了基于家庭的疾病照顾的十二个维度以及三种疾病照顾参与的原型模式。参与模式随时间波动，这一现象被称为自我照顾与照顾他人的模式转变。自我照顾与照顾他人的模式转变在化疗期间的疾病照顾中非常典型，以至于它成为了扎根理论的核心概念。这一概念化强调了化疗期间基于家庭的疾病照顾的二元性质。
