Morriss C, Bartlett R
Division of Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Alsager, England.
Sports Med. 1996 Jun;21(6):438-46. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199621060-00005.
In the men's javelin event the athlete throws an 800g implement into a 40 degrees sector. The objective is to throw as far as possible. Compared with most other throwing implements, the javelin is relatively aerodynamic. Even so, the most important release parameter is still the release speed. Maximising this parameter gives the athlete the best chance of attaining success in the event. For an elite thrower, as much as 70% of the release speed of the javelin is developed in the last 0.1 second. As such, the movements of throwers during this period and immediately preceding it have received attention from researchers. It would appear that a thrower's body position at the instant of final foot strike, his ability to transfer momentum between the lower body and the upper body during the delivery, and coordination of the working body segments in the most effective manner are linked to his success in the event. This paper reviews the most important biomechanical research on the men's javelin throw and highlights findings such as these which may improve the understanding of how elite javelin throwers achieve success.
在男子标枪项目中，运动员将一个800克的器械投掷到一个40度的扇形区域内。目标是投掷得尽可能远。与大多数其他投掷器械相比，标枪的空气动力学性能相对较好。即便如此，最重要的释放参数仍然是释放速度。最大化这个参数能让运动员在该项目中获得成功的最佳机会。对于一名优秀的投掷者来说，标枪释放速度的多达70%是在最后0.1秒内产生的。因此，投掷者在这一时期以及紧接之前的动作受到了研究人员的关注。似乎投掷者在最后一步着地瞬间的身体姿势、在投掷过程中他将动量从下半身转移到上半身的能力，以及以最有效的方式协调工作身体节段，都与他在该项目中的成功相关。本文回顾了关于男子标枪投掷最重要的生物力学研究，并强调了诸如此类的发现，这些发现可能有助于增进对优秀标枪投掷者如何取得成功的理解。
