Andrews J S
Scientific Development Group, NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands.
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1996 Jun;3(3-4):251-67. doi: 10.1016/0926-6410(96)00011-0.
There are substantial differences in the performance of various rat strains in tasks of learning, memory and attention. Strain, age and sex differences are not consistent over procedures: poor performance in one paradigm does not predict poor performance in a different paradigm. Some strain differences are not readily apparent until a direct comparison is made between one or more strains. Moreover, large differences in nominally the same strain but obtained from different suppliers have been observed in behavioural, pharmacological and physiological parameters and can have important consequences for interpretation of drug effects. Longevity, and the effects of ageing can differ dramatically from one strain to another; drug effects can alter radically with increasing age and show strain (and individual) differences in their action. Sex can further complicate interpretation of results. Thus, non-cognitive factors may exert a major effect on results in cognitive testing, and strain-dependent effects may account for many conflicting results in the literature concerning mnemonic performance. Strain differences in particular must be identified and used to help identify fundamental effects on memory, rather than continue to be ignored and allowed to obscure interpretation of drug effects on cognitive processes.
在学习、记忆和注意力任务中，不同品系的大鼠表现存在显著差异。品系、年龄和性别差异在不同实验程序中并不一致：在一种实验范式中表现不佳并不能预测在另一种实验范式中也表现不佳。有些品系差异直到对一个或多个品系进行直接比较时才会明显显现出来。此外，在行为、药理和生理参数方面，已经观察到名义上相同但来自不同供应商的品系存在巨大差异，这可能会对药物效应的解释产生重要影响。不同品系的寿命以及衰老的影响可能有很大差异；药物效应会随着年龄的增长而发生根本变化，并在作用上表现出品系（以及个体）差异。性别会使结果的解释更加复杂。因此，非认知因素可能对认知测试的结果产生重大影响，品系依赖性效应可能是文献中许多关于记忆表现的相互矛盾结果的原因。特别是品系差异必须被识别并用于帮助确定对记忆的基本影响，而不是继续被忽视并任由其模糊对药物对认知过程影响的解释。
