Blaak E E, Saris W H
Department of Human Biology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Metabolism. 1996 Oct;45(10):1235-42. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90241-3.
Whole-body thermogenesis, substrate utilization (open-circuit ventilated-hood system), and exogenous carbohydrate oxidation were evaluated in 10 healthy lean male volunteers (aged 27.8 +/- 2.5 years) for 6 hours after oral ingestion of 75 g naturally enriched fructose, glucose (both derived from corn starch), cane sugar, and a good digestible corn starch (all mixed with 400 mL water). The integrated areas under the glucose and insulin response curves above baseline were highest with glucose and starch, intermediate with sucrose, and lowest with fructose, whereas there were no significant differences in the integrated nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) response between carbohydrates. The total increment in energy expenditure (EE) above baseline was similar with fructose (130 +/- 24 kJ/6 h) and sucrose (141 +/- 17 kJ/6 h), was higher with sucrose as compared with starch (108 +/- 24 kJ/6 h, P < .05) and glucose (94 +/- 20 kJ/6 h, P < .05), and tended to be higher with fructose as compared with glucose (P = .059). Both the increment in total carbohydrate oxidation (P < .05) and the increment in exogenous carbohydrate oxidation (P < .01) were significantly higher with fructose and sucrose compared with glucose and starch. The initial inhibition of lipid oxidation was higher with sucrose and fructose than with glucose and starch, whereas the integrated decrement in lipid oxidation over 6 hours was only higher with fructose compared with glucose and starch (P < .05). In conclusion, thermogenesis and substrate utilization vary considerably after ingestion of different types of carbohydrate in young lean males, indicating that the carbohydrate composition of the diet may have important consequences for energy and macronutrient balance.
在10名健康瘦体重男性志愿者（年龄27.8±2.5岁）口服75克天然富含果糖、葡萄糖（均来源于玉米淀粉）、蔗糖和易消化玉米淀粉（均与400毫升水混合）后，对其进行6小时的全身产热、底物利用（开路通风罩系统）和外源性碳水化合物氧化评估。葡萄糖和胰岛素反应曲线高于基线的积分面积在葡萄糖和淀粉组最高，蔗糖组居中，果糖组最低，而碳水化合物之间的非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）反应积分无显著差异。与果糖（130±24千焦/6小时）和蔗糖（141±17千焦/6小时）相比，高于基线的能量消耗（EE）总增量相似，与淀粉（108±24千焦/6小时，P<.05）和葡萄糖（94±20千焦/6小时，P<.05）相比，蔗糖组更高，与葡萄糖相比，果糖组有升高趋势（P = 0.059）。与葡萄糖和淀粉相比，果糖和蔗糖组的总碳水化合物氧化增量（P<.05）和外源性碳水化合物氧化增量（P<.01）均显著更高。蔗糖和果糖对脂质氧化的初始抑制作用高于葡萄糖和淀粉，而与葡萄糖和淀粉相比，果糖组6小时内脂质氧化的积分下降幅度仅更高（P<.05）。总之，年轻瘦体重男性摄入不同类型碳水化合物后，产热和底物利用有很大差异，表明饮食中的碳水化合物组成可能对能量和宏量营养素平衡有重要影响。
