Nyberg L, McIntosh A R, Cabeza R, Habib R, Houle S, Tulving E
Rotman Research Institute of Baycrest Centre, University of Toronto, North York, ON, Canada.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Oct 1;93(20):11280-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.20.11280.
Remembering an event involves not only what happened, but also where and when it occurred. We measured regional cerebral blood flow by positron emission tomography during initial encoding and subsequent retrieval of item, location, and time information. Multivariate image analysis showed that left frontal brain regions were always activated during encoding, and right superior frontal regions were always activated at retrieval. Pairwise image subtraction analyses revealed information-specific activations at (i) encoding, item information in left hippocampal, location information in right parietal, and time information in left fusiform regions; and (ii) retrieval, item in right inferior frontal and temporal, location in left frontal, and time in anterior cingulate cortices. These results point to the existence of general encoding and retrieval networks of episodic memory whose operations are augmented by unique brain areas recruited for processing specific aspects of remembered events.
回忆一件事不仅涉及发生了什么，还包括它发生的地点和时间。我们通过正电子发射断层扫描测量了在初始编码以及随后对物品、位置和时间信息进行检索期间的局部脑血流量。多变量图像分析表明，左侧额叶脑区在编码过程中总是被激活，而右侧额上区在检索时总是被激活。成对图像减法分析揭示了在以下方面的信息特异性激活：(i) 编码时，左侧海马体中的物品信息、右侧顶叶中的位置信息以及左侧梭状回区域中的时间信息；(ii) 检索时，右侧额下回和颞叶中的物品信息、左侧额叶中的位置信息以及前扣带回皮质中的时间信息。这些结果表明存在情景记忆的一般编码和检索网络，其操作通过为处理记忆事件的特定方面而招募的独特脑区得到增强。
