Azain M J, Tomkins T, Sowinski J S, Arentson R A, Jewell D E
University of Georgia, Athens.
J Anim Sci. 1996 Sep;74(9):2195-202. doi: 10.2527/1996.7492195x.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of supplemental milk replacer on sow and litter performance. The study was conducted in 12 farrowing groups (171 litters) over a 3.5-yr period (October 1990 to April 1994). Commercial milk replacer was prepared fresh daily (150 g/L) and offered with ad libitum access in the farrowing crates within 24 h of parturition and was continued through weaning (d 21). Average pig weight (control, 5.5 kg/pig; supplemented, 6.4 kg/pig; P < .001) and total litter weight (control, 52.2 kg/litter; supplemented, 60.9 kg/litter; P < .001) at weaning were greater for litters receiving supplemental milk replacer. There was no effect (P > .2) of supplemental milk replacer on feed intake, backfat thickness, or body weight loss in the sow. Consumption of milk replacer varied greatly among litters. A portion of this variation in intake was accounted for by differences in ambient temperature among farrowing groups. Average milk replacer intakes (liters per pig) from birth to d 21 were 2.5 L/pig (.375 kg dry matter) and 9.9 L/pig (1.49 kg dry matter) for pigs born during the cool and warm seasons, respectively (P < .001). The weaning weight advantage conferred by milk replacer was most evident during the warmer months. Sow feed intakes averaged 5.8 and 3.9 kg/d over the same periods (P < .001). These results demonstrate the advantage of milk replacer on weaning weight and indicate that the greatest benefit from the supplement is during the warmer months when sow feed intake and subsequent milk production are lower.
本研究的目的是确定补充代乳品对母猪和仔猪性能的影响。该研究在3.5年期间（1990年10月至1994年4月）的12个产仔组（171窝）中进行。商业代乳品每天新鲜制备（150 g/L），在分娩后24小时内在产仔箱中自由采食，并持续到断奶（第21天）。接受补充代乳品的仔猪断奶时的平均仔猪体重（对照组，5.5 kg/头；补充组，6.4 kg/头；P <.001）和总窝重（对照组，52.2 kg/窝；补充组，60.9 kg/窝；P <.001）更高。补充代乳品对母猪的采食量、背膘厚度或体重损失没有影响（P>.2）。不同窝仔猪的代乳品消耗量差异很大。这种摄入量的部分差异是由产仔组之间的环境温度差异造成的。凉爽季节和温暖季节出生的仔猪从出生到第21天的平均代乳品摄入量（每头仔猪升数）分别为2.5 L/头（0.375 kg干物质）和9.9 L/头（1.49 kg干物质）（P <.001）。代乳品带来的断奶体重优势在较温暖的月份最为明显。同期母猪的平均采食量分别为5.8和3.9 kg/d（P <.001）。这些结果证明了代乳品对断奶体重的优势，并表明在较温暖的月份，当母猪采食量和随后的产奶量较低时，补充代乳品的益处最大。
