Kurdibaylo S F
Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Prosthetics, Russia.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 1996 Oct;33(4):387-94.
Anthropometric and biochemical research was conducted on 94 subjects with various levels of lower limb amputation. The purpose of the work was to investigate the features of obesity progression and disorders of cholesterin metabolism, as well as to develop adequate training exercises. Anthropometric research was conducted by calipermetry; the biochemical research was done by various methods to determine exempt and total cholesterin and triglycerides in the blood serum. The research establishes the frequency of obesity progression relative to the level of amputation, as well as the features of the excessive body mass. Type 11A hyperlipoproteidemia was evident. It is characterized by rapid progress of atherosclerotic vascular disease and coronary disease (CD). Cyclic and acyclic exercises were developed for prophylaxis and therapy. Anthropometric research on the determination of body fat mass was conducted on 68 subjects with various levels of lower limb amputation. The nondirect method of measuring skin folds of several parts of the body was used to determine the extent of lipogenesis. Biochemical research of cholesterin metabolism was conducted on 26 subjects with lower limb amputation (a different group). Anthropometric research revealed an increase of body fat mass directly related to the level of amputation. The largest amount of fat in the body mass was noted for the subjects with bilateral transfemoral (above-knee) amputation or transfemoral plus transtibial (below-knee) amputation. Both groups averaged 25.9%. The body fat mass increased chiefly in the subcutaneous fat. Increase of the internal fat mass was less noticeable. The frequency of obesity progression in subjects with unilateral transtibial amputation equaled 37.9%; in subjects with transfemoral amputation, 48.0%; and in subjects with bilateral transfemoral or transfemoral plus transtibial amputation, 64.2%. Young subjects demonstrated obesity progression during the first year after amputation. Biochemical research revealed changes in the cholesterin fractions typical for type 11A hyperlipoproteidemia. This type of hyperlipoproteidemia is often accompanied by atherosclerotic vascular diseases and CD. On the basis of the research and clinical observation, exercises were developed aimed at prophylaxis and treatment of the revealed changes. Exercises are described for subjects with various levels of lower limb amputation when using exercise machines and when swimming.
对94名不同下肢截肢程度的受试者进行了人体测量学和生物化学研究。这项工作的目的是研究肥胖进展的特征和胆固醇代谢紊乱情况，并制定适当的训练运动。人体测量学研究采用卡尺测量法；生物化学研究通过多种方法进行，以测定血清中游离胆固醇和总胆固醇以及甘油三酯。该研究确定了相对于截肢程度的肥胖进展频率以及超重的特征。明显存在ⅡA型高脂蛋白血症。其特征是动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病和冠心病（CD）进展迅速。为预防和治疗开发了循环和非循环运动。对68名不同下肢截肢程度的受试者进行了测定身体脂肪量的人体测量学研究。使用测量身体多个部位皮肤褶皱的非直接方法来确定脂肪生成程度。对26名下肢截肢受试者（另一组）进行了胆固醇代谢的生物化学研究。人体测量学研究表明，身体脂肪量的增加与截肢程度直接相关。双侧经股骨（膝上）截肢或经股骨加经胫骨（膝下）截肢的受试者体内脂肪量最多。两组平均为25.9%。身体脂肪量主要在皮下脂肪中增加。内脏脂肪量的增加不太明显。单侧经胫骨截肢受试者的肥胖进展频率为37.9%；经股骨截肢受试者为48.0%；双侧经股骨或经股骨加经胫骨截肢受试者为64.2%。年轻受试者在截肢后的第一年出现肥胖进展。生物化学研究揭示了ⅡA型高脂蛋白血症典型的胆固醇组分变化。这种类型的高脂蛋白血症常伴有动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病和冠心病。基于该研究和临床观察，开发了旨在预防和治疗所发现变化的运动。描述了不同下肢截肢程度的受试者在使用健身器材和游泳时的运动。
