Ballantyne B
Clin Toxicol. 1977 Sep;11(2):173-93. doi: 10.3109/15563657708989832.
Normal human blood stored at room temperature (about 20 degrees C) may, over a period of weeks, undergo a slow transformation of its cyanide content. In contrast, when normal blood is stored at -20 degrees C there is formation of cyanide, usually occurring most rapidly during the first few days of storage. Peak concentrations are never greater than 20 microgram/100 ml, and although some fluctuation in concentration occurs over several months of storage at deep freeze temperature, levels are always higher than in the freshly drawn blood. The amount of cyanide produced appears to be a function of both the initial thiocyanate concentration and the freezing and/or thawing of blood. Blood stored at refrigerator temperature (about 4 degrees C) has the least fluctuation in cyanide concentration over a storage period up to three months. During this study it was found that there is significant difference in whole blood cyanide concentration between smokers and nonsmokers.
储存在室温（约20摄氏度）下的正常人血液，在数周时间内，其氰化物含量可能会发生缓慢变化。相比之下，当正常人血液储存在 -20摄氏度时，会生成氰化物，通常在储存的最初几天生成速度最快。峰值浓度从不超过20微克/100毫升，并且尽管在深度冷冻温度下储存数月期间浓度会有一些波动，但水平始终高于刚采集的血液。产生的氰化物量似乎是初始硫氰酸盐浓度以及血液冷冻和/或解冻两者的函数。储存在冰箱温度（约4摄氏度）下的血液，在长达三个月的储存期内氰化物浓度波动最小。在这项研究中发现，吸烟者和非吸烟者的全血氰化物浓度存在显著差异。
