Munksgaard E C, Hansen E K, Engen T, Holm U
Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Oral Sci. 1996 Aug;104(4 ( Pt 1)):396-402. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00098.x.
The aims of the study were to investigate the causes and prevalences of occupational dermatological reactions among Danish dentists. Questionnaires and telephone interviews with Danish dentists revealed that 37.8% reported skin reactions. In 27.2% of the cases the reactions were related to occupation, occurring with a point prevalence of 9.6%, and with a 1-yr period prevalence of 21.4%. The main causes were hand washing/soaps, latex gloves and (di)methacrylate-containing materials occurring at point prevalences of 7.1%, 1.3% and 1.7%, respectively. In addition, several other causes were reported, each occurring at relatively low frequency. Diagnosed allergic latex eczema was reported by 0.6%, but the frequency might be more than 2%, estimated on basis of reported symptoms. Allergic eczema caused by (di)methacrylate-containing materials was diagnosed among 0.7%, but estimated by the description of symptoms to be nearly 2%. The results urge for developing safer materials for dental use.
该研究的目的是调查丹麦牙医职业性皮肤反应的原因和患病率。对丹麦牙医进行问卷调查和电话访谈发现，37.8%的人报告有皮肤反应。在27.2%的病例中，这些反应与职业有关，现患率为9.6%，1年期间患病率为21.4%。主要原因是洗手/肥皂、乳胶手套和含（二）甲基丙烯酸酯的材料，现患率分别为7.1%、1.3%和1.7%。此外，还报告了其他几个原因，每个原因出现的频率相对较低。报告的诊断为过敏性乳胶湿疹的比例为0.6%，但根据报告的症状估计，该比例可能超过2%。含（二）甲基丙烯酸酯材料引起的过敏性湿疹诊断率为0.7%，但根据症状描述估计接近2%。这些结果促使人们开发更安全的牙科用材料。
