Vassilev T L, Veleva K V
Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 Nov;44(5):535-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-333.x.
Secretory antibodies against bacteria and viruses in human colostrum and milk are known to be important protective factors for the breast-fed infant. The authors have shown by enzyme immunoassay that colostrum contains IgA and IgM antibodies to a number of autoantigens: native DNA, actin, myosin, myoglobin, laminin, transferrin and thyroglobulin. These antibodies were polyspecific-those with anti-DNA reactivity immunopurified on a DNA-cellulose affinity column bound to a panel of self- and environmental antigens. The levels of natural autoantibodies in the immunoglobulin fraction of human colostrum were 3-10 times lower (when presented as antibody activity per microgram of immunoglobulin) than in the immunoglobulin fraction of serum. The biological significance of the presence of B cells with autoantibody specificity in the mammary gland and of natural autoantibodies in colostrum and milk is not clear. It has been suggested that self-reacting autoantibodies in serum play a major role in the selection of the pre-immune B-cell repertoire and in the maintenance of the immune homeostasis. The authors hypothesize that the natural autoantibodies in colostrum and milk may contribute to the selection process of physiological repertoire during the early postnatal period in breast-fed infants. This could explain the lower frequency of allergic, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and lymphomas which is seen in their later life when compared with that observed in children who have been formula-fed after birth.
人初乳和乳汁中针对细菌和病毒的分泌性抗体是母乳喂养婴儿的重要保护因子。作者通过酶免疫测定法表明，初乳含有针对多种自身抗原的IgA和IgM抗体：天然DNA、肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白、肌红蛋白、层粘连蛋白、转铁蛋白和甲状腺球蛋白。这些抗体具有多特异性——那些具有抗DNA反应性的抗体在DNA - 纤维素亲和柱上免疫纯化后，与一组自身和环境抗原结合。人初乳免疫球蛋白部分中天然自身抗体的水平（以每微克免疫球蛋白的抗体活性表示）比血清免疫球蛋白部分低3 - 10倍。乳腺中具有自身抗体特异性的B细胞以及初乳和乳汁中天然自身抗体的生物学意义尚不清楚。有人提出，血清中的自身反应性自身抗体在免疫前B细胞库的选择和免疫稳态的维持中起主要作用。作者推测，初乳和乳汁中的天然自身抗体可能有助于母乳喂养婴儿出生后早期生理库的选择过程。这可以解释为什么与出生后人工喂养的儿童相比，他们在以后的生活中患过敏性、炎症性和自身免疫性疾病以及淋巴瘤的频率较低。
