Brugha R, Ramsay M, Forsey T, Brown D
Immunisation Division, Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London.
Epidemiol Infect. 1996 Dec;117(3):519-24. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800059203.
Maternal, cord and infant measles antibody levels were measured and compared in a group of 411 vaccinated mothers and 240 unvaccinated mothers, and their babies, between 1983 and 1991. Maternal and cord sera were tested by haemagglutination inhibition and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and plaque reduction neutralization tests were also used to test infant sera. Geometric mean titres were significantly higher in the unvaccinated than in the vaccinated mothers (P < 0.001). Infants born to mothers with a history of measles had higher antibody levels at birth than infants of vaccinated mothers and, although the difference narrowed over time, continued to have higher levels up to 30 weeks of age. Between 5 and 7 months of age significantly more of the children of vaccinated mothers had plaque reduction neutralization antibody levels below that which would interfere with vaccination. As the boosting effect of circulating natural measles disappears, earlier measles vaccination may need to be considered, perhaps as part of a two-dose policy.
1983年至1991年间，对411名接种过疫苗的母亲及其240名未接种疫苗的母亲以及她们的婴儿进行了测量和比较，测定了母亲、脐带血和婴儿的麻疹抗体水平。母亲血清和脐带血血清通过血凝抑制试验和/或酶联免疫吸附测定法进行检测，同时也采用蚀斑减少中和试验检测婴儿血清。未接种疫苗的母亲的几何平均滴度显著高于接种过疫苗的母亲（P < 0.001）。有麻疹病史的母亲所生婴儿在出生时的抗体水平高于接种过疫苗的母亲所生婴儿，尽管随着时间推移这种差异有所缩小，但在30周龄前抗体水平仍较高。在5至7个月龄时，接种过疫苗的母亲的孩子中，蚀斑减少中和抗体水平低于会干扰疫苗接种水平的人数显著更多。随着循环自然麻疹的增强作用消失，可能需要考虑更早进行麻疹疫苗接种，或许作为两剂次策略的一部分。
