The impact of early rheumatoid arthritis on psychological distress. A comparison between 238 patients with RA and 116 matched controls.

The objective of our study was to estimate the impact of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on psychological distress by comparing patients with RA and matched controls. A sample of 238 patients (age 20-70 years, mean age 52 yrs) with RA of 0 to 4 years duration (mean 2.2 yrs), was compared to 116 control persons matched to the patients with respect to sex, age, and geographic area. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. Patients with RA rated their mental health significantly lower than the controls. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were significantly higher among arthritic patients. Twenty% of the patients had scores indicating possible psychiatric caseness compared to 6% of the controls. However, controlling for pain, disability, and fatigue, there was no significant difference in psychological distress between the patients and the controls. RA appears to have a strong impact on mental distress even early in the disease. The present study demonstrates that pain, disability, and fatigue are strongly related to the increased levels of psychological distress in RA.