Michalon M, Eskes G A, Mate-Kole C C
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 1997 Jan;22(1):19-28.
To date, little attention has been paid to changes in neuropsychological function in seasonal affective disorders (SAD). In this study, we investigated the performance of 30 patients with SAD on a wide range of cognitive variables before and after 2 weeks of light treatment with either white or placebo red light, as well as later in the summertime. Performance of subjects with SAD on neuropsychological tests was compared with a group of 29 age- and education-matched healthy control subjects. The most consistent deficits associated with SAD were on tests of cognitive failures, visual memory, and visual-construction skills. In contrast to specific bright light effects on psychiatric measures, reports of cognitive failures did not change with either light treatment. Visual memory and constructional deficits responded nonspecifically to treatment with either white or the presumed placebo red light. Surprisingly, visual memory deficits were seen again in the summer, at a time when mood, cognitive failures, and other cognitive functions appeared at normal levels. These data suggest that cognitive functioning is affected by SAD. In addition, light treatment may have differential effects on mood and cognition.
迄今为止，季节性情感障碍（SAD）患者神经心理功能的变化很少受到关注。在本研究中，我们调查了30例SAD患者在接受白光或安慰剂红光治疗2周前后以及夏季后期在一系列认知变量上的表现。将SAD患者在神经心理测试中的表现与29名年龄和教育程度相匹配的健康对照受试者进行了比较。与SAD相关的最一致的缺陷出现在认知失误、视觉记忆和视觉构建技能测试中。与特定强光对精神症状的影响不同，认知失误的报告在两种光照治疗下均未改变。视觉记忆和构建缺陷对白光或假定的安慰剂红光治疗均产生非特异性反应。令人惊讶的是，在夏季情绪、认知失误和其他认知功能似乎处于正常水平时，视觉记忆缺陷再次出现。这些数据表明，认知功能受到SAD的影响。此外，光照治疗可能对情绪和认知有不同的影响。
