Alexander C J, Citron D M, Hunt Gerardo S, Claros M C, Talan D, Goldstein E J
R. M. Alden Research Laboratory, Santa Monica/UCLA Medical Center, California 90404, USA.
J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Feb;35(2):406-11. doi: 10.1128/jcm.35.2.406-411.1997.
Saccharolytic, nonpigmented, anaerobic gram-negative rods isolated from infected dog and cat bite wounds in humans have been poorly characterized, and most are not included in the databases of kits used for anaerobic identification; thus, they are problematic for clinical laboratories to identify. Fifty strains isolated from such wounds were characterized with commercial kits for preformed-enzyme detection, carbohydrate fermentation, and other biochemical tests. PCR fingerprinting was performed on these strains to further characterize subgroups within these species. Bacteroides tectum is a frequent isolate in bite wounds and resembles Prevotella bivia in colony morphology and saccharolytic activity, except that it grows in 20% bile and hydrolyzes esculin. Profile numbers generated by various kits associate B. tectum with P. bivia, Prevotella oralis group, or Prevotella melaninogenica. PCR fingerprinting identified at least four subgroups and confirmed the heterogeneous nature of this species. Prevotella heparinolytica was also frequently isolated from these bite wounds. It produces indole and generates a profile number in preformed-enzyme kits that is usually associated with Bacteroides uniformis. However, it is bile sensitive and quite distinct from the Bacteroides fragilis group of anaerobes. The PCR fingerprint profiles generated by strains of P. heparinolytica were very similar to that of the type strain and to each other. Prevotella zoogleoformans, occasionally isolated from dog and cat bite wounds in humans, resembles P. heparinolytica except for a negative indole test. Clinical laboratories should be aware of the characteristics of these animal species when identifying isolates from animal bite wounds in humans.
从人类感染的猫狗咬伤伤口中分离出的解糖、无色素、厌氧革兰氏阴性杆菌的特征描述很少，大多数不在用于厌氧菌鉴定的试剂盒数据库中；因此，临床实验室鉴定这些细菌存在问题。从这些伤口分离出的50株菌株用商业试剂盒进行了预形成酶检测、碳水化合物发酵和其他生化试验。对这些菌株进行了PCR指纹分析，以进一步鉴定这些菌种中的亚群。隐秘拟杆菌是咬伤伤口中常见的分离菌，在菌落形态和糖解活性方面与二路普雷沃菌相似，不同之处在于它能在20%胆汁中生长并水解七叶苷。各种试剂盒生成的谱号将隐秘拟杆菌与二路普雷沃菌、口腔普雷沃菌群或产黑素普雷沃菌联系起来。PCR指纹分析确定了至少四个亚群，并证实了该菌种的异质性。解肝素普雷沃菌也经常从这些咬伤伤口中分离出来。它能产生吲哚，在预形成酶试剂盒中生成的谱号通常与单形拟杆菌相关。然而，它对胆汁敏感，与脆弱拟杆菌属厌氧菌有很大不同。解肝素普雷沃菌菌株产生的PCR指纹图谱与模式菌株的图谱非常相似，且彼此相似。偶从人类猫狗咬伤伤口分离出的菌胶团普雷沃菌，除吲哚试验阴性外，与解肝素普雷沃菌相似。临床实验室在鉴定从人类动物咬伤伤口分离出的菌株时应了解这些动物菌种的特征。
