Jueptner M, Jenkins I H, Brooks D J, Frackowiak R S, Passingham R E
MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Exp Brain Res. 1996 Dec;112(3):462-74. doi: 10.1007/BF00227952.
We used positron emission tomography (PET) to compare the contribution of the cerebellum and basal ganglia to the sensory guidance of movement. In one condition the subjects used a computer mouse to draw a series of lines on a computer screen (DRAW). In the second condition the same lines were presented to the subjects, and they had to track the lines with a mouse pointer on the screen (COPY). In a third condition the subjects were again presented with the same lines, and they simply followed movements of the pointer with their eyes (EYES). In the fourth condition, the subjects fixated a central point, ignoring the sequence of presented lines (FIX). The pons and cerebellum were activated more during visually guided tracking than in freely generated drawing (COPY vs DRAW). The basal ganglia were activated equally in both DRAW and COPY. The prefrontal and inferior temporal cortex were activated more when subjects drew lines freely (DRAW) than when they copied them (COPY). We conclude that the cerebellum is specialized for using sensory information to correct movements, but that the basal ganglia are involved both in movements that are self-generated and in movements that are guided by external cues.
我们使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）来比较小脑和基底神经节对运动感觉引导的贡献。在一种情况下，受试者使用电脑鼠标在电脑屏幕上绘制一系列线条（绘制）。在第二种情况下，同样的线条呈现给受试者，他们必须用鼠标指针在屏幕上跟踪这些线条（复制）。在第三种情况下，同样的线条再次呈现给受试者，他们只需用眼睛跟随指针的移动（眼睛）。在第四种情况下，受试者注视一个中心点，忽略呈现线条的顺序（固定）。与自由绘制相比，在视觉引导跟踪过程中脑桥和小脑的激活程度更高（复制与绘制）。在绘制和复制两种情况下，基底神经节的激活程度相同。与复制线条时相比，受试者自由绘制线条时前额叶和颞下回皮质的激活程度更高（绘制与复制）。我们得出结论，小脑专门用于利用感觉信息来纠正运动，但基底神经节既参与自我产生的运动，也参与由外部线索引导的运动。
