Kliewer W, Fearnow M D, Miller P A
Department of Psychology, VCU, Richmond 23284-2018, USA.
Child Dev. 1996 Oct;67(5):2339-57.
A theoretical model of parental socialization of children's coping behavior is described and tested with 310 elementary school children (M age = 10.5 years). Mothers and fathers reported on the coping suggestions they made to their children, their own coping strategies, and their perceptions of the family environment. Children reported on their relationships with their parents and on their usual coping behavior. Children's coping efforts were associated with family environment, the quality of the parent-child relationship, parent's own coping, and parent coping suggestions, though these relationships differed by gender and were quite specific. Maternal data were more strongly associated with children's coping than paternal data, and active and support coping were predicted more successfully than avoidance strategies. Analyses supported a model of direct, rather than mediated, effects on children's coping. There was modest support for the interactive effects of maternal coaching and modeling on girls' active coping and boys' avoidant coping.
本文描述了一个关于父母对孩子应对行为进行社会化的理论模型，并以310名小学生（平均年龄 = 10.5岁）为样本进行了测试。母亲和父亲报告了他们给孩子的应对建议、自己的应对策略以及他们对家庭环境的看法。孩子们报告了他们与父母的关系以及他们通常的应对行为。孩子们的应对努力与家庭环境、亲子关系质量、父母自身的应对方式以及父母的应对建议有关，尽管这些关系因性别而异且非常具体。母亲的数据比父亲的数据与孩子的应对行为联系更紧密，积极和支持性的应对策略比回避策略能更成功地被预测。分析支持了一个对孩子应对行为有直接而非间接影响的模型。对于母亲的指导和示范对女孩积极应对和男孩回避应对的交互作用，有一定程度的支持。
