Frank R J, Damasio H, Grabowski T J
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Neuroimage. 1997 Jan;5(1):13-30. doi: 10.1006/nimg.1996.0250.
A study of cognition emerging from a neurobiological perspective, as opposed to one emerging from a purely computational or psychological perspective, begins with observations of the human brain in normal and pathological states and is furthered by the investigation of hypotheses which are articulated using neuroanatomical nomenclature. Brainvox is an interactive three-dimensional brain imaging software package designed to permit such research through the support of the description and quantification of brain pathology in magnetic resonance images and of the experimental investigation of human cognition in lesion and functional imaging studies. Important general features of Brainvox, for these purposes, are: (1) adaptation of volume rendering for brain lesions and for corendered datasets; (2) shared memory architecture, which enables the user to identify and label anatomical structures, while inspecting the brain in multiple views simultaneously; (3) modular program design, including interlocking command-line utilities, which make Brainvox extensible and empower users without programming expertise to implement new analysis techniques through Unix shell scripting; and (4) full integration of three-dimensional tools for visualization with tools for analysis. Specific features include a new object templating technique (MAP-3) for studies of groups of brain-lesioned subjects, a complete and extensible suite of command-line processing utilities, a three-dimensional optimal graph-searching tool, and a method for planning PET slices and matching MR and PET slices (MP_FIT).
与从纯粹计算或心理学角度开展的认知研究不同，从神经生物学角度开展的认知研究始于对处于正常和病理状态下的人类大脑的观察，并通过对使用神经解剖学术语阐述的假设进行研究而得以推进。Brainvox是一款交互式三维脑成像软件包，旨在通过支持对磁共振图像中的脑病理学进行描述和量化以及在病变和功能成像研究中对人类认知进行实验研究来开展此类研究。为此，Brainvox的重要一般特征包括：(1) 针对脑病变和共渲染数据集调整体绘制；(2) 共享内存架构，使用户能够在同时以多个视角检查大脑时识别和标记解剖结构；(3) 模块化程序设计，包括相互关联的命令行实用程序，这使得Brainvox具有可扩展性，并使没有编程专业知识的用户能够通过Unix shell脚本实现新的分析技术；以及(4) 将三维可视化工具与分析工具完全集成。具体特征包括用于研究脑损伤受试者群体的新对象模板技术(MAP-3)、一套完整且可扩展的命令行处理实用程序、一个三维最优图形搜索工具以及一种用于规划PET切片并匹配MR和PET切片的方法(MP_FIT)。
