Cotter T P, Sheehan S, Cryan B, O'Shaughnessy E, Cummins H, Bredin C P
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Ireland.
Tuber Lung Dis. 1996 Dec;77(6):545-8. doi: 10.1016/s0962-8479(96)90053-2.
To compare the incidence of tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in humans to the prevalence of M. bovis infection in cattle in south-west Ireland and discuss possible links between them.
In the south-west region of Ireland, a mixed urban and rural community (pop. 536,000), there is a residuum of human tuberculosis caused by M. bovis.
A retrospective analysis of the incidence of culture-positive M. bovis disease in humans in south-west Ireland from 1983 to 1994 and of the results of tuberculin testing in cattle from 1978 to 1994 for the same region.
One to five cases of human tuberculosis due to M. bovis were recorded per year while the overall prevalence of bovine infection fell gradually during the period of study from 467 tuberculin-positive animals per 100,000 cattle tested in 1983 to 158 per 100,000 in 1994.
The low incidence plateau of human tuberculosis due to M. bovis together with the decline in prevalence of animal infection in the overall period studied suggest a cut-off in the animal to human chain of infection at two points; the animal source and the ingestion of (now pasteurized) milk. This would suggest that disease in humans is now due to reactivation of previous foci of infection which were acquired when milk pasteurization was not compulsory. Based on this, we would anticipate a further reduction and possible elimination of human tuberculosis due to M. bovis in this region in the next 10-15 years.
比较爱尔兰西南部人类牛型分枝杆菌所致结核病的发病率与牛群中牛型分枝杆菌感染的患病率，并探讨两者之间可能存在的联系。
在爱尔兰西南部一个城乡混合社区（人口53.6万），存在由牛型分枝杆菌引起的人类结核病残余病例。
对1983年至1994年爱尔兰西南部人类培养阳性牛型分枝杆菌病的发病率以及1978年至1994年同一地区牛结核菌素检测结果进行回顾性分析。
每年记录到1至5例由牛型分枝杆菌引起的人类结核病病例，而在研究期间，牛感染的总体患病率逐渐下降，从1983年每10万头检测牛中有467头结核菌素阳性动物降至1994年的每10万头中有158头。
在整个研究期间，人类牛型分枝杆菌所致结核病的低发病率平稳期以及动物感染患病率的下降表明，动物到人的感染链在两个点被切断；动物来源以及（现在已巴氏消毒的）牛奶的摄入。这表明现在人类的疾病是由于以前感染灶的重新激活所致，这些感染灶是在牛奶巴氏消毒并非强制性的时候获得的。基于此，我们预计在未来10至15年内，该地区人类牛型分枝杆菌所致结核病将进一步减少并可能消除。
