Mourier A, Bigard A X, de Kerviler E, Roger B, Legrand H, Guezennec C Y
Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de Médecine Aérospatiale, Département de Physiologie Systémique, Brétigny-sur-orge, France.
Int J Sports Med. 1997 Jan;18(1):47-55. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-972594.
Twenty-five competitive wrestlers restricted their caloric intake (28 kcal.kg-1.day-1) for 19 days, using a hypocaloric control (hC, n = 6), hypocaloric high-protein (hHP, n = 7), hypocaloric high-branched-chain amino acid (hBCAA, n = 6), hypocaloric low-protein (hLP, n = 6) diet to determine the effects of caloric restriction on body composition and performances versus control diet (C, n = 6). Anthropometric parameters (weight, percent body fat) and adipose tissue (AT) distribution measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained before and after diet, were compared. A significant highest body weight loss (-4 kg, p < 0.05) and decrease in the percent of body fat (-17.3%, p < 0.05) were observed for subjects of the hBCAA group. Subjects of the hBCAA group exhibited a significant reduction (-34.4%, p < 0.05) in abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT). There was no change in aerobic (VO2max) (p > 0.75) and anaerobic capacities (Wingate test) (p > 0.81), and in muscular strength (p > 0.82). We conclude that under our experimental conditions, the combination of moderate energy restriction and BCAA supplementation induced significant and preferential losses of VAT, and allowed maintainance of a high level of performance.
25名竞技摔跤运动员将热量摄入限制在（28千卡·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹），为期19天，采用低热量对照饮食（hC，n = 6）、低热量高蛋白饮食（hHP，n = 7）、低热量高支链氨基酸饮食（hBCAA，n = 6）、低热量低蛋白饮食（hLP，n = 6），以确定热量限制对身体成分和运动表现的影响，并与对照饮食（C，n = 6）进行比较。比较了饮食前后通过磁共振成像（MRI）测量的人体测量参数（体重、体脂百分比）和脂肪组织（AT）分布。hBCAA组受试者的体重显著下降最多（-4千克，p < 0.05），体脂百分比降低（-17.3%，p < 0.05）。hBCAA组受试者的腹部内脏脂肪组织（VAT）显著减少（-34.4%，p < 0.05）。有氧能力（最大摄氧量）（p > 0.75）、无氧能力（温盖特测试）（p > 0.81）和肌肉力量（p > 0.82）均无变化。我们得出结论，在我们的实验条件下，适度的能量限制与支链氨基酸补充剂相结合可导致显著且优先的内脏脂肪组织减少，并能维持高水平的运动表现。
