Wei M, Stern M P, Haffner S M
Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7873, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 1997 Feb;7(2):81-6. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00114-7.
Leptin is the protein product of the obesity (OB) gene in humans. To date, no study has correlated serum leptin levels with ethnicity, cigarette smoking, or other cardiovascular risk factors. In this study, serum leptin levels were measured in 100 Mexican Americans and 50 non-Hispanic whites who participated in the San Antonio Heart Study. Mexican Americans had higher levels of serum leptin than age- and sex-matched non-Hispanic whites (21 vs. 16 ng/mL). However, the leptin levels were similar in the two groups after controlling for body mass index (BMI). Women had higher levels of serum leptin than did men (24 vs. 9 ng/mL; P < .0001). There was a strong association between leptin levels and BMI (r = 0.91 in non-Hispanic white men; r = 0.77 in non-Hispanic women; r = 0.81 in Mexican American men; and r = 0.78 in Mexican American women). A model containing age, sex, and BMI explained 79% of the variance in serum leptin levels. After adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, current cigarette smokers had significantly lower leptin levels than never-smokers (p < 0.05). The results suggested that human obesity was associated with leptin-resistance rather than leptin-deficiency. Leptin levels were positively associated with BMI in this cross-sectional analysis. Cigarette smoking may increase sensitivity to leptin, since cigarette smokers had lower leptin levels than did nonsmokers with the same BMI.
瘦素是人类肥胖（OB）基因的蛋白质产物。迄今为止，尚无研究将血清瘦素水平与种族、吸烟或其他心血管危险因素联系起来。在本研究中，对参与圣安东尼奥心脏研究的100名墨西哥裔美国人和50名非西班牙裔白人测量了血清瘦素水平。墨西哥裔美国人的血清瘦素水平高于年龄和性别匹配的非西班牙裔白人（21 vs. 16 ng/mL）。然而，在控制体重指数（BMI）后，两组的瘦素水平相似。女性的血清瘦素水平高于男性（24 vs. 9 ng/mL；P <.0001）。瘦素水平与BMI之间存在很强的关联（非西班牙裔白人男性中r = 0.91；非西班牙裔女性中r = 0.77；墨西哥裔美国男性中r = 0.81；墨西哥裔美国女性中r = 0.78）。一个包含年龄、性别和BMI的模型解释了血清瘦素水平79%的方差。在调整年龄、性别和BMI后，当前吸烟者的瘦素水平显著低于从不吸烟者（p < 0.05）。结果表明，人类肥胖与瘦素抵抗而非瘦素缺乏有关。在这项横断面分析中，瘦素水平与BMI呈正相关。吸烟可能会增加对瘦素的敏感性，因为吸烟者的瘦素水平低于相同BMI的非吸烟者。
