Bonifacj C, Gerber M, Scali J, Daures J P
Département d'Information Médicale, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Apr;51(4):217-31. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600387.
The main objective of the study was to develop appropriate dietary assessment instruments for the French Mediterranean region and to validate the measurements they provide.
Three different assessment methods were submitted to a sample of 150 male and female volunteers. 98 completed the protocol, which consisted of a 4 d weighed dietary record (PETRA) and a 7 d estimated-diet record (S7) based on a check list and a set of photographs, both these records being completed once in each season of the year, and a semi-quantitative (standard portion) food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including questions eliciting socio-demographic and anthropometric data, which was completed once only. The days when PETRA was used to evaluate food consumption coincided with the first 4 d of S7 (S4).
Validation was based on nutrients and foods. Energy-adjusted Pearson correlation coefficients between S4 and PETRA ranged from 0.32 for vitamin E to 0.81 for vitamin C (mean: 0.65 for 21 nutrients). There was practically no misclassification in opposite extreme quartiles. Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.63 for fish and sea-food to 0.90 for wine (mean: 0.76 for 16 food groups). There was practically no misclassification in opposite extreme quartiles. De-attenuated energy-adjusted Pearson correlation coefficients between FFQ and S7 ranged from 0.22 for proteins and monounsaturated fatty acids to 0.80 for iron (mean: 0.45). 10% or less of subjects were misclassified in opposite extreme quartiles (except for vitamin C, 12%). Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.25 for green-yellow-red raw vegetables to 0.76 for wine (mean: 0.42). 8% or less of subjects were misclassified in opposite extreme quartiles (except for citrus fruit, 11%).
Portion estimation using the set of photographs was validated by the correlation between S4 and PETRA for both nutrients and foods. The FFQ provides a reasonably reliable measure of macronutrient intake and a good measure of micronutrient intake when compared with the data in the literature. It performs less well for food intake. Better results can be achieved for FFQ: (i) by using the set of photographs instead of standard portions and (ii) by adding further questions on foods which are insufficiently covered.
本研究的主要目的是为法国地中海地区开发合适的膳食评估工具，并验证其提供的测量结果。
对150名男性和女性志愿者样本采用了三种不同的评估方法。98人完成了方案，该方案包括一份4天的称重膳食记录（PETRA）和一份基于清单及一组照片的7天估计膳食记录（S7），这两份记录在一年的每个季节各完成一次，还有一份半定量（标准份量）食物频率问卷（FFQ），其中包括引出社会人口统计学和人体测量学数据的问题，该问卷仅完成一次。使用PETRA评估食物摄入量的日子与S7的前4天（S4）一致。
验证基于营养素和食物。S4与PETRA之间经能量调整的Pearson相关系数范围为：维生素E为0.32，维生素C为0.81（21种营养素的平均值为0.65）。在相反的极端四分位数中几乎没有错误分类。Spearman相关系数范围为：鱼类和海鲜为0.63，葡萄酒为0.90（16个食物组的平均值为0.76）。在相反的极端四分位数中几乎没有错误分类。FFQ与S7之间经去衰减能量调整的Pearson相关系数范围为：蛋白质和单不饱和脂肪酸为0.22，铁为0.80（平均值为0.45）。在相反的极端四分位数中，10%或更少的受试者被错误分类（维生素C除外，为12%）。Spearman相关系数范围为：绿黄红生鲜蔬菜为0.25，葡萄酒为0.76（平均值为0.42）。在相反的极端四分位数中，8%或更少的受试者被错误分类（柑橘类水果除外，为11%）。
通过S4与PETRA在营养素和食物方面的相关性验证了使用该组照片进行份量估计的方法。与文献中的数据相比，FFQ对常量营养素摄入量提供了相当可靠的测量，对微量营养素摄入量提供了良好的测量。在食物摄入量方面其表现较差。对于FFQ，通过以下方式可以取得更好的结果：（i）使用该组照片而非标准份量，以及（ii）增加关于覆盖不足食物的更多问题。
