Bablouzian L, Freedman E S, Wolski K E, Fried L E
Office of Research, Health Assessment, and Data Systems and the Childhood Injury Prevention Program, Boston Department of Public Health, Public Health Commission, MA 02118, USA.
Inj Prev. 1997 Mar;3(1):14-6. doi: 10.1136/ip.3.1.14.
This pilot study evaluates the effectiveness of a community based childhood injury prevention program on the reduction of home hazards.
High risk pregnant women, who were enrolled in a home visiting program that augments existing health and human services, received initial home safety assessments. Clients received education about injury prevention practices, in addition to receiving selected home safety supplies. Fourteen questions from the initial assessment tool were repeated upon discharge from the program. Matched analyses were conducted to evaluate differences from initial assessment to discharge.
A significantly larger proportion of homes were assessed as safe at discharge, compared with the initial assessment, for the following hazards: children riding unbuckled in all auto travel, Massachusetts Poison Center sticker on the telephone, outlet plugs in all unused electrical outlets, safety latches on cabinets and drawers, and syrup of ipecac in the home.
A community based childhood injury prevention program providing education and safety supplies to clients significantly reduced four home hazards for which safety supplies were provided. Education and promotion of the proper use of child restraint systems in automobiles significantly reduced a fifth hazard, children riding unbuckled in auto travel. This program appears to reduce the prevalence of home hazards and, therefore, to increase home safety.
本试点研究评估一项基于社区的儿童伤害预防计划在减少家庭危险因素方面的有效性。
参加强化现有健康和公共服务的家访计划的高危孕妇接受了初步家庭安全评估。除了获得选定的家庭安全用品外，服务对象还接受了伤害预防措施的教育。在计划结束出院时，重复进行了初始评估工具中的14个问题。进行配对分析以评估从初始评估到出院的差异。
与初始评估相比，出院时被评估为安全的家庭比例在以下危险因素方面显著更高：儿童在所有汽车出行中未系安全带、电话上有马萨诸塞州中毒控制中心贴纸、所有未使用的电源插座上有电源插头保护盖、橱柜和抽屉上有安全锁，以及家中有吐根糖浆。
一项基于社区的儿童伤害预防计划，向服务对象提供教育和安全用品，显著减少了提供安全用品的四种家庭危险因素。对正确使用汽车儿童约束系统的教育和推广显著减少了第五种危险因素，即儿童在汽车出行中未系安全带。该计划似乎降低了家庭危险因素的发生率，因此提高了家庭安全性。
