Ko Y C, Lee C H, Chen M J, Huang C C, Chang W Y, Lin H J, Wang H Z, Chang P Y
School of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
Int J Epidemiol. 1997 Feb;26(1):24-31. doi: 10.1093/ije/26.1.24.
Although cigarette smoking is considered to be the most important cause of lung cancer, smoking behaviour cannot fully explain the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Taiwanese women, who rarely smoke but contract lung cancer relatively often. There are other causes of lung cancer that have produced variability in lung cancer incidence.
A case-control study involving interviews with 117 female patients (including 106 non-smoking) suffering from lung cancer and the same number of individually matched hospital controls was conducted in Kaohsiung, Taiwan between 1992 and 1993. The questionnaire administered to cases and controls collected information on cigarette smoking and suspected risk factors for lung cancer. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to assess smoking for all women and suspected risk factors for non-smoking women.
The relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was statistically significant although only a small proportion (9.4%) of female patients had smoked. However, the risk of contracting cancer for non-smoking women appears to be associated with certain cooking practices, especially preparing meals in kitchens not equipped with a fume extractor at cooking age of 20-40 years (odds ratio [OR] = 8.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1-22.7. These factors and a history of pulmonary tuberculosis plus low consumption of fresh vegetables explained 78% of the summary attributable risks for non-smoking women in a multivariate logistic regression model.
Exposure to fumes from cooking oils, when not reduced by an extractor, may be an important factor in causing lung cancer in non-smoking Taiwanese women.
尽管吸烟被认为是肺癌最重要的病因，但吸烟行为并不能完全解释台湾女性肺癌的流行病学特征，台湾女性很少吸烟，但患肺癌的比例相对较高。肺癌还有其他病因导致了肺癌发病率的差异。
1992年至1993年期间，在台湾高雄进行了一项病例对照研究，对117名患肺癌的女性患者（包括106名不吸烟者）和相同数量的个体匹配的医院对照进行了访谈。向病例和对照发放的问卷收集了吸烟及肺癌疑似风险因素的信息。应用多因素逻辑回归分析评估所有女性的吸烟情况以及不吸烟女性的疑似风险因素。
吸烟与肺癌之间的关系具有统计学意义，尽管只有一小部分（9.4%）女性患者吸烟。然而，不吸烟女性患癌风险似乎与某些烹饪习惯有关，尤其是在20至40岁烹饪时在没有配备抽油烟机的厨房准备饭菜（优势比[OR]=8.3；95%置信区间[CI]：3.1-22.7）。在多因素逻辑回归模型中，这些因素以及肺结核病史和新鲜蔬菜摄入量低解释了不吸烟女性汇总归因风险的78%。
在没有抽油烟机减少油烟暴露的情况下，食用油油烟可能是导致台湾不吸烟女性患肺癌的一个重要因素。
