Erde E L
Theor Med. 1997 Mar-Jun;18(1-2):31-45.
Persons concerned with medical education sometimes argued that medical students need no formal education in ethics. They contended that if admissions were restricted to persons of good character and those students were exposed to good role models, the ethics of medicine would take care of itself. However, no one seems to give much philosophic attention to the ideas of model or role model. In this essay, I undertake such an analysis and add an analysis of role. I show the weakness in relying on role models exclusively and draw implications from these for appeals to virtue theory. Furthermore, I indicate some of the problems about how virtue theory is invoked as the ethical theory that would most closely be associated to the role model rhetoric and consider some of the problems with virtue theory. Although Socrates was interested in the character of the (young) persons with whom he spoke, Socratic education is much more than what role modeling and virtue theory endorse. It-that is, philosophy-is invaluable for ethics education.
关注医学教育的人士有时认为，医学生无需接受正规的伦理学教育。他们争辩说，如果招生仅限于品德良好的人，并且让这些学生接触到优秀的榜样，医学伦理自然会得到保障。然而，似乎没有人对榜样或模范的概念给予太多哲学关注。在本文中，我进行了这样的分析，并补充了对角色的分析。我指出了单纯依赖榜样的弱点，并由此对诉诸美德理论产生的影响进行了探讨。此外，我指出了一些有关如何将美德理论作为与榜样修辞最紧密相关的伦理理论来援引的问题，并思考了美德理论存在的一些问题。尽管苏格拉底对与他交谈的（年轻）人的品格感兴趣，但苏格拉底式教育远不止榜样塑造和美德理论所认可的内容。也就是说，哲学对于伦理教育来说是非常宝贵的。
