Hertog M G, Sweetnam P M, Fehily A M, Elwood P C, Kromhout D
Department of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 May;65(5):1489-94. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/65.5.1489.
Antioxidant flavonols and their major food source, black tea, have been associated with a lower risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in Dutch men. We investigated whether flavonol intake predicted a lower rate of IHD in 1900 Welsh men aged 45-59 y, who were followed up for 14 y. Flavonol intake, mainly from tea to which milk is customarily added, was not related to IHD incidence [relative risk (RR), highest compared with lowest quartile: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.6; P for trend = 0.996; n = 186] but was weakly positively related to IHD mortality (RR: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.9, 2.9; P = 0.119; n = 131) and cancer mortality (RR: 1.3; 95% CI: 0.7, 2.3; P = 0.150; n = 104) and strongly related to total mortality (RR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 2.0; P = 0.014; n = 334). Men with the highest consumption of tea (> 1.2 L, or > 8 cups/d) had an RR of 2.4 (95% CI: 1.5, 3.9) of dying in the follow-up period compared with men consuming < 300 mL/d (< 2 cups/d). We conclude that intake of antioxidant flavonols is not inversely associated with IHD risk in the United Kingdom. Possibly, flavonols from tea to which milk is added are not absorbed; experimental evidence suggests that adding milk to tea abolishes the plasma antioxidant-raising capacity of tea. The apparent association between tea consumption and increased mortality in this population merits further investigation.
抗氧化黄酮醇及其主要食物来源红茶，与荷兰男性患缺血性心脏病（IHD）和中风的风险较低有关。我们调查了黄酮醇摄入量是否能预测1900名年龄在45 - 59岁的威尔士男性的IHD发病率较低，这些男性接受了14年的随访。黄酮醇摄入量主要来自习惯添加牛奶的茶，与IHD发病率无关[相对风险（RR），最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比：1.0；95%置信区间：0.6，1.6；趋势P值 = 0.996；n = 186]，但与IHD死亡率呈弱正相关（RR：1.6；95%置信区间：0.9，2.9；P = 0.119；n = 131）以及癌症死亡率（RR：1.3；95%置信区间：0.7，2.3；P = 0.150；n = 104），并且与总死亡率密切相关（RR：1.4；95%置信区间：1.0，2.0；P = 0.014；n = 334）。与每天饮用<300毫升（<2杯）的男性相比，茶消费量最高（>1.2升，或>8杯/天）的男性在随访期间死亡的RR为2.4（95%置信区间：1.5，3.9）。我们得出结论，在英国，抗氧化黄酮醇的摄入量与IHD风险并非呈负相关。可能添加牛奶的茶中的黄酮醇未被吸收；实验证据表明，往茶中添加牛奶会消除茶提高血浆抗氧化能力的作用。该人群中茶消费与死亡率增加之间的明显关联值得进一步研究。
