Gendall K A, Joyce P R, Sullivan P F
University Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Appetite. 1997 Feb;28(1):63-72. doi: 10.1006/appe.1996.0060.
The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of food cravings in a random sample of young women and to evaluate the impact of the definition used in food craving research. The Diagnostic interview for Genetic Studies and a questionnaire about food craving experiences were completed by 101 women aged between 18 and 45 years. Of this sample, 58% of respondents reported having ever experienced food cravings. Of these, 7% had experienced food cravings only during pregnancy. Fewer women met criteria for craving as the definition narrowed; 28% reported moderate to strong cravings with two features of intensity; 6% reported moderate to strong cravings with three features of intensity and 4% reported strong cravings with three features of intensity. Features of intensity or "core features" were those that related to strength of craving and were difficulty resisting eating, feeling anxious when the craved food was unavailable and a change in speed of consumption. Of strong cravers, 86% experienced at least two core features, compared with 48% of moderate and 10% of mild cravers. These features may aid in defining the craving state and should be taken into consideration in studies on food cravings.
本研究的目的是确定年轻女性随机样本中食物渴望的特征，并评估食物渴望研究中所使用定义的影响。101名年龄在18至45岁之间的女性完成了基因研究诊断访谈以及一份关于食物渴望经历的问卷。在这个样本中，58%的受访者表示曾有过食物渴望经历。其中，7%仅在孕期有过食物渴望经历。随着定义的细化，符合渴望标准的女性减少；28%报告有中度至强烈渴望且具备强度的两个特征；6%报告有中度至强烈渴望且具备强度的三个特征，4%报告有强烈渴望且具备强度的三个特征。强度特征或“核心特征”是那些与渴望强度相关的特征，包括难以抗拒进食、当渴望的食物无法获取时感到焦虑以及进食速度的改变。在强烈渴望者中，86%至少经历了两个核心特征，相比之下，中度渴望者为48%，轻度渴望者为10%。这些特征可能有助于界定渴望状态，在食物渴望研究中应予以考虑。
