Kenny L C, Aitken R, Chalmers C, Fabriès J F, Gonzalez-Fernandez E, Kromhout H, Lidén G, Mark D, Riediger G, Prodi V
Health and Safety Laboratory, Health and Safety Executive, Sheffield, U.K.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1997 Apr;41(2):135-53. doi: 10.1016/S0003-4878(96)00034-8.
Following the adoption of new international sampling conventions for inhalable, thoracic and respirable aerosol fractions, a working group of Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) drafted a standard for the performance of workplace aerosol sampling instruments. The present study was set up to verify the experimental, statistical and mathematical procedures recommended in the draft performance standard and to check that they could be applied to inhalable aerosol samplers. This was achieved by applying the tests to eight types of personal inhalable aerosol sampler commonly used for workplace monitoring throughout Europe. The study led to recommendations for revising the CEN draft standard, in order to simplify the tests and reduce their cost. However, some further work will be needed to develop simpler test facilities and methods. Several of the samplers tested were found to perform adequately with respect to the inhalable sampling convention, at least over a limited range of typical workplace conditions. In general the samplers were found to perform best in low external wind speeds, which are the test conditions thought to be closest to those normally found in indoor workplaces. The practical implementation of the CEN aerosol sampling conventions requires decisions on which sampling instruments to use, estimation of the likely impact that changing sampling methods could have on apparent exposures, and adjustment where necessary of exposure limit values. The sampler performance data obtained in this project were affected by large experimental errors, but are nevertheless a useful input to decisions on how to incorporate the CEN inhalable sampling convention into regulation, guidance and occupational hygiene practice.
在采用了针对可吸入、胸腔和呼吸性气溶胶组分的新国际采样惯例之后，欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）的一个工作组起草了一份关于工作场所气溶胶采样仪器性能的标准。本研究旨在验证性能标准草案中推荐的实验、统计和数学程序，并检查它们是否可应用于可吸入气溶胶采样器。这是通过对欧洲各地工作场所监测中常用的八种个人可吸入气溶胶采样器进行测试来实现的。该研究为修订CEN标准草案提出了建议，以简化测试并降低成本。然而，还需要进一步开展工作来开发更简单的测试设施和方法。发现几种经过测试的采样器在可吸入采样惯例方面表现良好，至少在有限范围的典型工作场所条件下如此。总体而言，这些采样器在低外部风速下表现最佳，而低外部风速被认为是最接近室内工作场所通常情况的测试条件。CEN气溶胶采样惯例的实际实施需要决定使用哪种采样仪器，估计改变采样方法可能对表观暴露产生的影响，并在必要时调整暴露限值。本项目中获得的采样器性能数据受到较大实验误差的影响，但仍然是关于如何将CEN可吸入采样惯例纳入法规、指南和职业卫生实践的决策的有用输入。
