Plesko I, Obsitníková A, Vlasák V
National Cancer Registry of Slovakia, National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Neoplasma. 1997;44(2):77-83.
The gradual decline of oropharyngeal cancers in postwar period was followed by their rapid increase during recent two decades among males in Slovakia. Overall age-adjusted incidence rates of cancers of oral cavity and pharynx increased from 4.5 in 1968-1970 to 20.7 in 1990-1992 and corresponding mortality rates from 2.8 to 14.0 per 100,000 males. Oropharyngeal cancers have recently accounted for 6.5% of all newly diagnosed cancers yearly and present the fourth most frequent cancer site among males in this country. The cancers of tongue, floor of mouth, oropharynx and hypopharynx are responsible for the dramatic increase of this combined site in males. The culmination of the age-specific incidence and mortality rates of these cancers in the age groups 40-59 confirms the leading role of middle-aged men in their increase and dominant position. The occurrence of cancers of major salivary glands and nasopharynx in males, as well as the incidence and mortality rates of all oropharyngeal cancers in females remained very low and an unchanged (less than 1% of total). Increasing and extremely high incidence and mortality rates from oropharyngeal cancers among males in Slovakia require more effective primary prevention, above all substantial reduction of smoking.
战后时期口咽癌发病率逐渐下降，随后在近二十年中，斯洛伐克男性口咽癌发病率迅速上升。口腔和咽癌的总体年龄调整发病率从1968 - 1970年的4.5上升至1990 - 1992年的20.7，每10万名男性的相应死亡率从2.8上升至14.0。口咽癌最近每年占新诊断癌症总数的6.5%，是该国男性中第四大常见癌症部位。舌癌、口底癌、口咽癌和下咽癌导致了该联合部位在男性中发病率的急剧上升。这些癌症在40 - 59岁年龄组的特定年龄发病率和死亡率达到峰值，证实了中年男性在其发病率上升中的主导作用和主导地位。男性大唾液腺癌和鼻咽癌的发病率，以及女性所有口咽癌的发病率和死亡率仍然很低且没有变化（占总数不到1%）。斯洛伐克男性口咽癌发病率和死亡率不断上升且极高，这需要更有效的一级预防，最重要的是大幅减少吸烟。
