La Vecchia C, Muñoz S E, Braga C, Fernandez E, Decarli A
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, and Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Int J Cancer. 1997 Jul 17;72(2):255-7. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19970717)72:2<255::aid-ijc9>3.0.co;2-q.
It has long been suggested that a varied diet may protect against gastric cancer, in the absence, however, of definition and quantification of the issue. Thus, we considered the relationship between diet diversity (i.e., variety of food intake computed as the total number of foods consumed at least once per week) and the risk of gastric cancer using data of a case-control study conducted between 1985 and 1993 in northern Italy on 746 gastric-cancer cases below age 75 years and 2,053 controls admitted to hospital for acute, non-neoplastic, non-digestive-tract diseases. A significant inverse association was observed between various measures of food diversity and gastric cancer risk. Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of total diversity, the multivariate odds ratios (ORs) were 0.9 for the second, 0.9 for the third and 0.7 for the highest quartiles. The inverse association was even stronger for vegetable (OR = 0.5 for the highest level) and fruit (OR = 0.6) diversity. Our findings were not explained by allowance for total calorie intake and total number of servings, besides education as an indicator of social class, and support, therefore, the concept that a more diversified and richer diet is a relevant underlying correlate of the decline in gastric cancer rates.
长期以来，人们一直认为多样化的饮食可能预防胃癌，然而，这一问题缺乏明确的定义和量化。因此，我们利用1985年至1993年在意大利北部进行的一项病例对照研究的数据，研究了饮食多样性（即食物摄入量的多样性，计算为每周至少食用一次的食物总数）与胃癌风险之间的关系。该研究纳入了746例75岁以下的胃癌病例以及2053名因急性非肿瘤性非消化道疾病入院的对照。我们观察到食物多样性的各种指标与胃癌风险之间存在显著的负相关。与总多样性最低四分位数的受试者相比，第二、第三和最高四分位数的多变量优势比（OR）分别为0.9、0.9和0.7。蔬菜（最高水平时OR = 0.5）和水果（OR = 0.6）多样性的负相关更强。除了将教育作为社会阶层的指标外，我们的研究结果不受总热量摄入和食物份数的影响，因此支持了这样一种观点，即更多样化和丰富的饮食是胃癌发病率下降的一个相关潜在因素。
