母亲就业与母乳喂养：1988年全国母婴健康调查结果
Maternal employment and breast-feeding: findings from the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey.
作者信息
Visness C M, Kennedy K I
机构信息
Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1997 Jun;87(6):945-50. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.6.945.
OBJECTIVES
This analysis uses nationally representative data from the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey to explore the factors, including employment, associated with breast-feeding initiation and duration.
METHODS
Multiple logistic regression was used to model the determinants of breast-feeding initiation among 9087 US women. Multiple linear regression was used to model the duration of breast-feeding among women who breast-fed.
RESULTS
Fifty-three percent of mothers initiated breast-feeding in 1988, and the decision to breast-feed was not associated with maternal employment. However, among breast-feeders, returning to work within a year of delivery was associated with a shorter duration of breast-feeding when other factors were controlled. Among employed mothers, the duration of maternity leave was positively associated with the duration of breast-feeding.
CONCLUSIONS
The low rates of breast-feeding initiation in the United States are not attributable to maternal participation in the labor force. However, returning to work is associated with earlier weaning among women who breast-feed.
目的
本分析使用来自1988年全国母婴健康调查的具有全国代表性的数据，以探究包括就业在内的与母乳喂养开始及持续时间相关的因素。
方法
采用多元逻辑回归对9087名美国女性中母乳喂养开始的决定因素进行建模。采用多元线性回归对进行母乳喂养的女性的母乳喂养持续时间进行建模。
结果
1988年，53%的母亲开始进行母乳喂养，且母乳喂养的决定与母亲就业无关。然而，在进行母乳喂养的母亲中，在分娩后一年内重返工作岗位在控制其他因素的情况下与较短的母乳喂养持续时间相关。在就业母亲中，产假时长与母乳喂养持续时间呈正相关。
结论
美国母乳喂养开始率较低并非归因于母亲参与劳动力市场。然而，重返工作与进行母乳喂养的女性更早断奶相关。
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