Schmit P, Sfez M
Centre Chirurgical de l'Enfant, Boulogne.
J Radiol. 1997 May;78(5):367-72.
Two hundred and seven children undergoing either intravenous pyelography (i.v.p.) or voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) were examined. Under the age of 5 years, children received intra-rectal midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) with a maximum of 5 mg. Children over 5 years, self-inhaled an equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide. Pain and stress were evaluated in children under 5, by the pediatric radiologist according to the 4 non verbal items of the Le Baron-Zeltzer scale and in children over 5 by the child himself with a visual analogic scale. Under 5 years of age, midazolam significantly reduced pain and stress during i.v.p. (p < 0.0001), VCUG both in boys (p < 0.0001) and girls (p < 0.0001). In children over 5, nitrous oxide inhalation reduced pain during i.v.p. (p = 0.0004), during VCUG in girls (p = 0.0025), but not in boys ((p > 0.05). Pediatric radiologists should evaluate pain and stress in their patients as they can be easily and safely limited.
对207名接受静脉肾盂造影（IVP）或排尿性膀胱尿道造影（VCUG）的儿童进行了检查。5岁以下儿童接受直肠内咪达唑仑（0.5mg/kg，最大剂量5mg）。5岁以上儿童自行吸入等摩尔的氧气和一氧化二氮混合气体。5岁以下儿童的疼痛和应激由儿科放射科医生根据Le Baron-Zeltzer量表的4项非语言指标进行评估，5岁以上儿童则通过视觉模拟量表由其本人进行评估。5岁以下儿童中，咪达唑仑显著减轻了静脉肾盂造影（p<0.0001）、排尿性膀胱尿道造影期间男孩（p<0.0001）和女孩（p<0.0001）的疼痛和应激。在5岁以上儿童中，吸入一氧化二氮减轻了静脉肾盂造影期间（p=0.0004）、排尿性膀胱尿道造影期间女孩（p=0.0025）的疼痛，但对男孩无影响（p>0.05）。儿科放射科医生应评估患者的疼痛和应激情况，因为这些情况可以轻松且安全地得到控制。
