Walz E
Institut für biomedizinische Technik der Universität/ETH Zürich.
Ther Umsch. 1997 May;54(5):238-41.
The main predicting factor for the injury severity is "speed". This fact is predominantly important with regard to the protection of pedestrians and two wheelers. Today's safety features such as new steering and breaking systems, car body construction, seat belts, head restraints and crash helmets etc. let us sometimes overlook the hazards on the road. However, further improvements can be expected from advanced restraint system combinations, reinforced frontal and lateral car structures and padding, perhaps side air bags and automatically adjusted head restraint systems. Collision reconstruction and assessment of causality are needed, e.g., in cases of soft tissue neck injuries, questionable overrunning, walking direction of impacted pedestrians, uncertain belt or helmet wearing etc. Considerable legal problems arise if the causality is judged only from clinical point of view while the important criterion of collision mechanics is not taken into account in acceptable quantitative detail. Therefore it is recommended that determining the causality of a mechanical event should be left to specially trained professionals.
伤害严重程度的主要预测因素是“速度”。这一事实对于保护行人和两轮车使用者尤为重要。如今的安全特性，如新的转向和制动系统、车身结构、安全带、头枕和防撞头盔等，有时会让我们忽视道路上的危险。然而，先进的约束系统组合、强化的车辆前部和侧面结构以及衬垫，或许还有侧面安全气囊和自动调节头枕系统，有望带来进一步的改进。在诸如软组织颈部损伤、可疑的碾压情况、受撞行人的行走方向、安全带或头盔佩戴情况不确定等案例中，需要进行碰撞重建和因果关系评估。如果仅从临床角度判断因果关系，而未以可接受的定量细节考虑碰撞力学这一重要标准，就会出现相当多的法律问题。因此，建议将机械事件因果关系的判定交由经过专门培训的专业人员来进行。
