Nakashima T, Tanabe T, Yanagita N, Wakai K, Ohno Y
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
Auris Nasus Larynx. 1997 Jul;24(3):265-70. doi: 10.1016/s0385-8146(96)00024-7.
In order to investigate risk factors for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (sudden deafness), a case-control study was done in 109 patients with sudden deafness who visited our hospital between 1992 and 1994, with 109 controls matched to each patient by gender and age. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for smoking habits, drinking habits, dietary habits, environmental noise, past history of disease, sleeping hours, appetite, fatigue, incidence of common cold were obtained. Fatigue (OR: 3.28; 95% CI: 1.36-7.90) and loss of appetite (OR: 8:00; 95% CI: 1.00-64.0) elevated the risk for sudden deafness. Those who ate many fresh vegetables were at a decreased risk (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.24-0.96 for light-colored vegetables, OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.30-1.02 for green-yellow vegetables). Personal histories of hypertension and thyroid disease, and susceptibility to colds appeared to be positively associated with the risk (0.05 < P < 0.10). Smoking habits, drinking habits and environmental noise had no significant association with sudden deafness. These results suggested that environmental factors, including diet, may be importantly involved in the genesis of sudden deafness.
为了研究特发性突发性感音神经性听力损失（突发性耳聋）的危险因素，对1992年至1994年间来我院就诊的109例突发性耳聋患者进行了一项病例对照研究，选取了109名在性别和年龄上与每位患者相匹配的对照者。得出了吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯、饮食习惯、环境噪声、既往病史、睡眠时间、食欲、疲劳、感冒发病率的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。疲劳（OR：3.28；95%CI：1.36 - 7.90）和食欲不振（OR：8.00；95%CI：1.00 - 64.0）会增加突发性耳聋的风险。食用大量新鲜蔬菜的人风险降低（浅色蔬菜的OR：0.48；95%CI：0.24 - 0.96，黄绿蔬菜的OR：0.55；95%CI：0.30 - 1.02）。高血压和甲状腺疾病的个人病史以及感冒易感性似乎与风险呈正相关（0.05 < P < 0.10）。吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯和环境噪声与突发性耳聋无显著关联。这些结果表明，包括饮食在内的环境因素可能在突发性耳聋的发病机制中起重要作用。
