Gorissen M, Tielemans M, Coenen A
Psychiatric Hospital Veldwijk, Department of Psychological Assessment, Ermelo, The Netherlands.
J Psychopharmacol. 1997;11(3):233-9. doi: 10.1177/026988119701100306.
Benzodiazepines (BZDs) give rise to memory impairments. It has been questioned whether or not these impairments are related to the drug's sedative, alertness-reducing effects. Therefore, in this study, alertness was reduced in healthy subjects both pharmacologically (15 mg diazepam) and non-pharmacologically (24-h sleep deprivation, SD) in order to assess whether these manipulations both gave rise to memory impairments. Twelve subjects were tested using a repeated measures cross-over design. Drug administration was placebo-controlled and double-blind. A subjective alertness reduction was established after diazepam intake and even more after SD. Additionally, performance-disruptive effects were found on psychomotor tasks after both SD and liazepam intake. However, only diazepam, and not SD, impaired delayed recall of a word list and recall of paired associates. Thus a reduction in alertness, i.e. sedation, cannot fully account for BZD-induced memory impairments.
苯二氮䓬类药物（BZDs）会导致记忆障碍。这些障碍是否与药物的镇静、降低警觉作用有关一直存在疑问。因此，在本研究中，为了评估这两种操作是否都会导致记忆障碍，对健康受试者分别采用药理学方法（15毫克地西泮）和非药理学方法（24小时睡眠剥夺，SD）降低其警觉性。12名受试者采用重复测量交叉设计进行测试。药物给药采用安慰剂对照和双盲方式。地西泮摄入后主观警觉性降低，睡眠剥夺后降低得更多。此外，睡眠剥夺和地西泮摄入后在心理运动任务上均发现了干扰表现的效应。然而，只有地西泮，而非睡眠剥夺，损害了单词列表的延迟回忆和配对联想回忆。因此，警觉性降低，即镇静，不能完全解释苯二氮䓬类药物引起的记忆障碍。
