Ashizawa K, Shibata Y, Yamashita S, Namba H, Hoshi M, Yokoyama N, Izumi M, Nagataki S
First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Oct;82(10):3430-3. doi: 10.1210/jcem.82.10.4285.
The prevalence of goiter among children living in areas affected by the Chernobyl accident was investigated by analysis of data on approximately 120,000 children examined at five medical diagnostic centers in Belarus, Russia, and the Ukraine. Examinations of thyroid gland were conducted with an arch-automatic ultrasonographic instrument at the five centers under the same protocol. The diagnosis of goiter was established when the thyroid volume exceeded a limit calculated from age, height, and body weight of a child. A considerable variation by region was noted in the prevalence of goiter. Highest in the Kiev region, the prevalence in the five regions was 54% in Kiev, 38% in the Zhitomir regions of the Ukraine, 18% in Gomel, 22% in the Mogilev regions of Belarus, and 41% in the Bryansk region of Russia. Urinary iodine content was measured in approximately 5700 children, and an endemic iodine deficient zone was confirmed in the Bryansk, Kiev, and Zhitomir regions. A significant negative correlation was observed between the prevalence of goiter and the median level of urinary iodine content (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was -0.35, P = 0.025).
通过分析白俄罗斯、俄罗斯和乌克兰五个医疗诊断中心约120,000名儿童的检查数据，对居住在受切尔诺贝利事故影响地区的儿童甲状腺肿患病率进行了调查。在五个中心使用同一方案，通过一台自动超声检查仪对甲状腺进行检查。当甲状腺体积超过根据儿童年龄、身高和体重计算出的限值时，即诊断为甲状腺肿。甲状腺肿患病率在不同地区存在显著差异。基辅地区最高，五个地区的患病率分别为：基辅地区54%，乌克兰日托米尔地区38%，戈梅利地区18%，白俄罗斯莫吉廖夫地区22%，俄罗斯布良斯克地区41%。对约5700名儿童测量了尿碘含量，证实布良斯克、基辅和日托米尔地区为地方性碘缺乏区。甲状腺肿患病率与尿碘含量中位数之间存在显著负相关（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数为-0.35，P = 0.025）。
