Somani S M, Husain K
Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield 62794-1222, USA.
J Appl Toxicol. 1997 Sep-Oct;17(5):329-36. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1263(199709)17:5<329::aid-jat452>3.0.co;2-t.
This study investigates the interactive effects of chronic ethanol ingestion and exercise training on the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in cortex, cerebellum, medulla, striatum and hypothalamus of the rat brain. Exercise training (6.5 weeks) significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in striatum, the region associated with motor activity, but decreased SOD activity in other brain regions. Catalase (CAT) activity decreased significantly in hypothalamus, the region associated with behavior, due to exercise. The training significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in brain regions studied with the exception of cerebellum. In addition, glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased in brain regions, with the exception of medulla. The training significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in all brain regions studied, which is due to training adaptation. Ethanol (20%) (2.0 g kg[-1], p.o. for 6.5 weeks) significantly decreased SOD activity in all regions except cortex, CAT activity in cortex, striatum and hypothalamus, GSH-Px activity in cerebellum and GR activity in medulla. Similarly, ethanol significantly decreased the GSH level in cortex, medulla and striatum and the GSH/GSSG ratio in medulla and cerebellum. Conversely, ethanol significantly augmented GR activity in cortex, cerebellum and striatum. When ethanol and exercise were combined, there was significantly increased SOD and CAT activity in striatum, GSH-Px activity in cortex, striatum and hypothalamus and GR activity in cortex and striatum. The GSH level was significantly depleted in cortex, striatum and medulla. Combining training and ethanol also decreased MDA levels in medulla and cerebellum. In conclusion, the sensitivity of specific brain regions in reaction to chronic ethanol ingestion or training is a function of variability in antioxidant system activity. Thus, exercise training protects specific brain regions against ethanol-induced oxidative injury.
本研究调查了长期摄入乙醇与运动训练对大鼠脑皮质、小脑、延髓、纹状体和下丘脑抗氧化系统及脂质过氧化的交互作用。运动训练（6.5周）显著增加了与运动活动相关的纹状体中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性，但降低了其他脑区的SOD活性。由于运动，与行为相关的下丘脑区域中过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性显著降低。除小脑外，训练显著增加了所研究脑区中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性。此外，除延髓外，脑区中谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的活性增加。训练显著降低了所有研究脑区中的丙二醛（MDA）水平，这是由于训练适应性所致。乙醇（20%）（2.0 g·kg⁻¹，口服，持续6.5周）显著降低了除皮质外所有区域的SOD活性、皮质、纹状体和下丘脑中的CAT活性、小脑中的GSH-Px活性以及延髓中的GR活性。同样，乙醇显著降低了皮质、延髓和纹状体中的谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平以及延髓和小脑中的GSH/GSSG比值。相反，乙醇显著增强了皮质、小脑和纹状体中的GR活性。当乙醇与运动相结合时，纹状体中的SOD和CAT活性、皮质、纹状体和下丘脑中的GSH-Px活性以及皮质和纹状体中的GR活性显著增加。皮质、纹状体和延髓中的GSH水平显著降低。训练与乙醇相结合还降低了延髓和小脑中的MDA水平。总之，特定脑区对长期摄入乙醇或训练反应的敏感性是抗氧化系统活性变化的一个函数。因此，运动训练可保护特定脑区免受乙醇诱导的氧化损伤。
