Morrongiello B A, Hillier L, Bass M
Psychology Department, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Inj Prev. 1995 Dec;1(4):223-7. doi: 10.1136/ip.1.4.223.
Unintentional injuries are the number one cause of death for infants. Many of these injuries could be prevented if parents took additional safety precautions. In this study physicians' and parents' perspectives regarding the part that physicians play in educating first time parents about child safety issues were compared.
All pediatricians and family physicians in London, Ontario were surveyed by mail (68% return rate) regarding their practices, attitudes, and beliefs related to parent education about child safety issues. A sample of 114 first time mothers, including 38 each with 6, 12, and 18 month old infants, completed a telephone interview. All parents had physicians who had returned questionnaires.
There was good correspondence between parents' and physicians' judgments about the safety issues most often covered, and what role physicians should adopt regarding parent education about child safety issues. In addition, they both agreed that parents seldom seek out safety information by asking questions. Relative to parent reports, however, physicians significantly overestimated the time they spent on safety issues and the degree of their direct involvement in communicating this information. The best predictor of time spent by physicians on safety issues was their rating of the importance of assuming the role of parent educator. The best predictor of parents asking questions about child safety was their rating of the adequacy of physicians' responses to previously asked questions.
The results suggest that both physicians and parents contribute to undermine communication about child safety during well-baby visits.
意外伤害是婴儿死亡的首要原因。如果父母采取更多安全预防措施，许多此类伤害是可以预防的。在本研究中，比较了医生和父母对于医生在向初为父母者传授儿童安全问题方面所起作用的看法。
通过邮件对安大略省伦敦市的所有儿科医生和家庭医生进行了调查（回复率为68%），询问他们在与向父母传授儿童安全问题相关的做法、态度和信念。对114名初为母亲的样本进行了电话访谈，其中包括38名分别有6个月、12个月和18个月大婴儿的母亲。所有父母都有已回复问卷的医生。
在最常涉及的安全问题上，以及在医生对于向父母传授儿童安全问题应采取何种角色方面，父母和医生的判断有很好的一致性。此外，他们都认为父母很少通过提问来寻求安全信息。然而，相对于父母的报告，医生显著高估了他们在安全问题上花费的时间以及他们直接参与传达此信息的程度。医生在安全问题上花费时间的最佳预测因素是他们对承担父母教育者角色重要性的评分。父母就儿童安全提问的最佳预测因素是他们对医生对先前问题回答充分性的评分。
结果表明，在健康婴儿访视期间，医生和父母都在一定程度上破坏了关于儿童安全的沟通。
