Receveur O, Boulay M, Kuhnlein H V
Centre for Indigenous People's Nutrition and Environment, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
J Nutr. 1997 Nov;127(11):2179-86. doi: 10.1093/jn/127.11.2179.
We assessed diets in 16 Dene/Métis communities in the Canadian Arctic. We described nutrient intakes and identified nutrients at risk among adult Dene/Métis, evaluated the influence of traditional food on diet quality, and examined the direction of dietary change by comparing intergenerational and between-community differences in dietary intake. Diet varied according to sex, age and community. Nutrients of possibly inadequate intake (irrespective of subject sex, age or community) included calcium, vitamin A and folic acid. Dietary fiber intake was also of concern. Traditional food (animals and plants harvested from the local environment) was consumed on 65. 4% of interview days; on those days intakes of iron, zinc and potassium were higher (P < 0.05) and those of sodium, fat, saturated fat and sucrose were lower (P < 0.05) than on days when market food only was consumed. In this population, the shift away from traditional food towards a diet composed exclusively of market food was characterized by an increase (P < 0.05) in absolute energy intake and an increase (P < 0.01) in the relative contributions of carbohydrate (particularly sucrose), fat and saturated fat. This pattern of change calls for initiatives to document the current health status of this population and to prevent potential negative health consequences of dietary change.
我们评估了加拿大北极地区16个德内/梅蒂斯社区的饮食情况。我们描述了成年人的营养摄入量，并确定了德内/梅蒂斯成年人中存在摄入风险的营养素，评估了传统食物对饮食质量的影响，并通过比较代际间和社区间饮食摄入量的差异来研究饮食变化的方向。饮食因性别、年龄和社区而异。可能摄入不足的营养素（无论受试者的性别、年龄或社区如何）包括钙、维生素A和叶酸。膳食纤维的摄入量也令人担忧。在65.4%的访谈日中食用了传统食物（从当地环境中收获的动植物）；在这些日子里，铁、锌和钾的摄入量较高（P<0.05），而钠、脂肪、饱和脂肪和蔗糖的摄入量低于仅食用市场食物的日子（P<0.05）。在这个人群中，从传统食物向完全由市场食物组成的饮食转变的特点是绝对能量摄入量增加（P<0.05），碳水化合物（特别是蔗糖）、脂肪和饱和脂肪的相对贡献增加（P<0.01）。这种变化模式需要采取措施记录该人群目前的健康状况，并预防饮食变化可能带来的负面健康后果。
