Sparti A, Windhauser M M, Champagne C M, Bray G A
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Nov;66(5):1144-50. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/66.5.1144.
We investigated the effect of a combined carbohydrate and energy deficit in the regulation of food intake during 1 d. Seven lean, male subjects were studied in a crossover design. After 7 d of consuming a baseline diet (40% of energy as fat, 45% as carbohydrate, and 15% as protein), subjects were deprived of carbohydrate for 24 h; baseline amounts of fat and protein were consumed but only one-third of the baseline amount of carbohydrate. On the following outcome day, subjects were free to select ad libitum from a selection of either high-carbohydrate or low-carbohydrate food. On the baseline diet subjects consumed on average 10.9 +/- 1.7 MJ/d (carbohydrate: 305 +/- 49 g/d; fat: 116 +/- 18 g/d) and there was no difference in baseline intake between the two phases of the crossover study. During the deficit day, intake was reduced to 7.7 +/- 1.2 MJ/d [carbohydrate: 110 +/- 25 g/d (66% reduction); fat: 116 +/- 18 g/d]. On the outcome day, energy intake from high-carbohydrate foods was on average 10.5 MJ/d (carbohydrate: 430 +/- 112 g/d; fat: 48 +/- 20 g/d) compared with 16.6 MJ/d from high-fat foods (carbohydrate: 312 +/- 84 g/d; fat: 258 +/- 78 g/d). We conclude that the restoration of an energy deficit is not the main factor determining acute food intake. Rather, the data support the hypothesis that, under the conditions of our experiment, the intake of carbohydrate required to maintain carbohydrate balance was a more important factor in the regulation of acute food intake than was the restoration of energy deficit is not.
我们研究了碳水化合物和能量联合缺乏对1天内食物摄入量调节的影响。采用交叉设计对7名瘦体重男性受试者进行了研究。在食用基线饮食（40%的能量来自脂肪，45%来自碳水化合物，15%来自蛋白质）7天后，受试者碳水化合物剥夺24小时；脂肪和蛋白质按基线量摄入，但碳水化合物仅为基线量的三分之一。在接下来的结果日，受试者可从高碳水化合物或低碳水化合物食物中自由随意选择。在基线饮食阶段，受试者平均每日摄入10.9±1.7兆焦耳（碳水化合物：305±49克/天；脂肪：116±18克/天），交叉研究的两个阶段基线摄入量无差异。在缺乏日，摄入量降至7.7±1.2兆焦耳/天[碳水化合物：110±25克/天（减少66%）；脂肪：116±18克/天]。在结果日，来自高碳水化合物食物的能量摄入量平均为10.5兆焦耳/天（碳水化合物：430±112克/天；脂肪：48±20克/天），而来自高脂肪食物的为16.6兆焦耳/天（碳水化合物：312±84克/天；脂肪：258±78克/天）。我们得出结论，能量缺乏的恢复不是决定急性食物摄入量的主要因素。相反，数据支持这样的假设，即在我们的实验条件下，维持碳水化合物平衡所需的碳水化合物摄入量在急性食物摄入量调节中比能量缺乏的恢复更重要。
